艾纳香素对护肝及血小板聚集的作用

从菊科植物艾纳香(Blumea Balsamifera)分离得新化学物5,3′,5-三羟基-7-甲氧基二氢黄酮,简称艾纳香素(Blumeatin Blu),Blu对扑热息痛、醋酸泼尼松所致的旰损伤有保护作用,使血清转氨酶和丙二醛水平下降,扑热息痛中毒死亡率有减少作用,Blu在体外对花生四稀酸,5-羟色胺及肾上腺素诱导大鼠及人血小板聚集反应,有明显的促进作用,且具量效关系,1.26μmol/L为最适剂量.     

葛根素对游泳训练小鼠红细胞和血红蛋白升高的消退作用

观察葛根素对游泳训练小鼠血液成分和运动能力的影响。将 4 0只小鼠随机分成对照组、葛根素对照组、游泳训练组和葛根素游泳训练组。游泳训练小鼠分别进行 6周每天 80 min的游泳训练 ,葛根素实验小鼠游泳训练开始后第 3周腹腔注射 6 0 m g/ kg葛根素 ,对照组注射等体积生理盐水 ,连续 3周 ,于游泳停止后 4 h进行尾静脉取血 ,测定白细胞、红细胞、血小板和血红蛋白等指标 ;次日进行一次性力竭游泳。结果表明 ,游泳训练组小鼠的血红蛋白浓度、红细胞数、血小板数都比对照组明显增加 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,而葛根素游泳训练组血红蛋白、红细胞数和血小板数与对照组之间则无明显差异。葛根素游泳训练组小鼠的力竭游泳时间与游泳训练组比较明显延长 (P<0 .0 5 )。说明葛根素可降低因运动训练引起的血红蛋白的升高、红细胞数和血小板数的增多 ,降低血液的粘度 ,延长力竭游泳的时间 ,提高机体的运动能力。     

长期游泳运动对自发性高血压大鼠血小板L-Arg/NO系统的影响

研究长期游泳运动对高血压血小板L-Arg/NO系统的影响及作用机制。对18只雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)进行随机分组:对照组C(8只)和运动组T(10只)。10周游泳运动后,分别测定SHRPAG(M)、血小板NO含量、血小板NOS活性和血小板内cGMP水平。结果表明:与对照组相比,运动组SHRADP(2μmol/L)诱导PAG(M)显著下降,血小板NO含量升高,血小板NOS活性上升,血小板内cGMP水平上升,且均存在显著性差异。提示,进行长期中等强度运动能改善高血压大鼠血小板L-Arg/NO系统的功能来抑制血小板的聚集,对防治高血压血栓性疾病有重要的作用。     

Emerging hemostatic materials for non-compressible hemorrhage control

Non-compressible hemorrhage control is a big challenge in both civilian life and the battlefield, causing a majority of deaths among all traumatic injury mortalities. Unexpected non-compressible bleeding not only happens in pre-hospital situations but also leads to a high risk of death during surgical processes throughout in-hospital treatment. Hemostatic materials for pre-hospital treatment or surgical procedures for non-compressible hemorrhage control have drawn more and more attention in recent years and several commercialized products have been developed. However, these products have all shown non-negligible limitations and researchers are focusing on developing more effective hemostatic materials for non-compressible hemorrhage control. Different hemostatic strategies (physical, chemical and biological) have been proposed and different forms (sponges/foams, sealants/adhesives, microparticles/powders and platelet mimics) of hemostatic materials have been developed based on these strategies. A summary of the requirements, state-of-the-art studies and commercial products of non-compressible hemorrhage-control materials is provided in this review with particular attention on the advantages and limitations of their emerging forms, to give a clear understanding of the progress that has been made in this area and the promising directions for future generations.     

Platelet satellitism in a trauma patient

Platelet satellitism (PS) is a rare phenomenon observed in blood smears obtained from blood anticoagulated with EDTA. It is characterised by platelet rosetting around polymorphonuclear neutrophils and in rare cases around other blood cells. PS is a rare cause of pseudothrombocytopenia. References about the phenomenon of PS in medical literature are few. In this report we describe a case of PS fortunately noticed in one trauma patient. Furthermore, we discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of PS proposed in the literature. To our knowledge this is the first case of PS reported in Croatia.     

脑梗塞患者血中一氧化氮对血小板功能的影响

[目的]研究脑梗塞患者血中一氧化氮(NO)的含量与血小板功能之间的关系.[方法]将20例脑梗塞患者分别于发病急性期和稳定期采用硝酸还原酶法测血中NO含量;用光电比浊法和免疫荧光分析法分别测定血小板聚集率(PAgT)和血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)水平;同时检测正常对照15例[结果]血清中NO含量在发病急性期较正常对照明显增高(P<0.01).同时,PAgT与正常对照有显著性差异(PADP<0.05,PADR<0.01);而血小板GMP-140在急性期和稳定期较正常对照均有显著性差异(P<0.01).[结论]脑梗塞发病急性期随着血中NO含量的增高,导致PAgT受抑,血小板GMP-140水平减低.     

牛磺酸单独使用及与潘生丁联用时对血小板聚集性的影响

牛磺酸对花生四烯酸,氯化钙和胶原诱导的大鼠血小板的聚集有明显的抑制作用,潘生丁对胶原诱导的兔洗涤血小板有明显的抑制作用,潘生丁与牛磺酸合用时对胶原诱导的兔洗涤血小板有明显的抑制作用,其抑制兔血小板的IC_(50)比潘生丁单独使用时小,两者相比较有极显著差异.     

营养性巨幼细胞贫血巨核细胞及血小板参数的变化

目的:探讨营养性巨幼细胞贫血患者巨核细胞、血小板参数改变及其临床意义.方法:用显微镜检测巨核细胞,用血细胞自动分析仪测定4项血小板参数,并与对照组相比.结果:贫血组巨核细胞数正常或增多(P＜0.05),平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)增加,血小板计数(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT)减少,与对照组相比,差异具有显著性.结论:巨核细胞及血小板参数的变化是营养性巨幼细胞贫血的重要特征,且与功能相关,有助于临床鉴别诊断.     

冠心病患者体外血栓和血小板聚集功能测定的初步探讨

对７１例健康人与８３例冠心病患者体外血栓、血小板聚集功能测定比较，结果证明冠心病患者的体外血栓和血小板聚集明显高于健康人（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

桔皮果胶降脂和抗凝的实验观察

普通饲料加入15％果胶连续饲养10d,能显著降低正常小鼠血清总胆固醇.用10％果胶分别拌入普通饲料与高脂饲料中喂养大鼠,结果不仅能使普通饲饵的大鼠血清TC、TG及TC/HDL-ch的比值显著下降,而且能降低高脂血大鼠的血脂,减少肝组织内的脂质沉积,同时还有降低高脂模型大鼠血浆粘度比,抑制血小板聚集的作用。