新型表面活性剂3-十二烷氧基-2-甲基丙酸钠的合成

通过增加皂类表面活性剂分子中亲水基的总数，可以提高其抗硬水性能，为此，在亲油基与羧基之间引入烷氧基，该研究以甲基丙烯酸和十二醇的主要原料，采用加成，酯化，取代，皂化四步法合成3-十二烷基-2-甲基丙酸纳，其中，杂多酸对酯化反应起到了催化和阻聚双重作用；相转移催化剂用于取代反应，简化了操作，缩短了反应时间，提高了产率。     

荧光光谱学中的表面活性剂

综述近年来在表面活性剂中荧光光谱学的发展,以及表面活性剂对荧光物质的增溶、增敏机理。展望了今后表面活性剂应用于荧光光谱研究的发展方向。     

表面活性剂在化学发光反应中的作用

数种表面活性剂对鲁米诺-H_2O_2-Fe~(3+),光泽精H:O。AllO和2,9一二甲基一1,IG菲咯琳一H:O。-Cu’”三种化学发光反应的影响情况进行了试验研究,对表面活性剂在化学发光反应中的作用及机理进行了初步讨论.     

纳米碳酸锶的制备技术探讨

当前形势下,我国部分单位已经进行了纳米碳酸锶的制备研究,并巳取得一定成绩。纳米材料的合理制备是纳米碳酸锶的应用基础,制备方法按照物料的状态可分为三种：固相法、气相法和液相法,其中尤以液相化学法最为普遍。在考察了制备条件,如反应的PH值、辅助剂用量对产物的影响。获得了较佳制备条件。应用透射电子显微镜对碳酸锶的形貌及粒径进行表征。结果显示。制备出由粒径为25nm左右的碳酸锶纳米粒子组装成的纳米棒。     

降低润滑油废白土含油率方法探究

本实验利用表面活性剂洗涤的处理方法,对炼油厂精制润滑油产生的废白土进行了创新性的实验研究。通过对表面活性剂的复配和洗涤条件的筛选,确定了最佳的工艺条件。处理后的废白土含油率降低至0.92%,符合国家排放标准(HJ60T-2011)。     

Acrylic emulsion paint films: The effect of solution pH,conductivity, and ionic strength on film swelling and surfactant removal

To date, a limited number of aqueous conditions have been tested experimentally as potential cleaning reagents on modern acrylic paint films. Those assessed have tended to extract measurable quantities of paint film components and distort the paint films physically. In this paper the results of a series of experiments designed to examine pH, conductivity, and specific ion effects of potential aqueous cleaning solutions on a series of commercial acrylic paints are reported. A three-dimensional microscopic technique was used to characterize the physical (volume and surface roughness) changes and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to characterize the chemical (extracted surfactant) changes following paint film exposure to the aqueous solution. The tested paint films in this study clearly exhibit an isotonic point below which swelling and extraction is significant, and above which the swelling and extraction is diminished. Manipulation of conductivity and the ionic species in solution can reduce both the physical film changes and surfactant extraction from acrylic paint films; while pH appears to be of limited use in controlling aqueous cleaning effects. Moreover, there seems to be a specific ion effect for both swelling and de-swelling in acrylic paint films that can be rationalized through the Hofmeister Series.     

Span-80为表面活性剂的乳状液膜稳定性的研究

本文主要研究了Span-80为表面活性剂的乳状液膜稳定性问题。考察了表面活性剂Span-80的用量、TBP的用量、内相NaOH的浓度、膜相添加剂石蜡等因素对液膜稳定性的影响。结果表明：Span80的用量在10～12%时乳状液膜的破损率较小,当NaOH的浓度为0.5mol/L以下时破损率较低,载体TBP用量的增加膜破损率随着加大,液体石蜡对液膜的稳定性没有正面的作用。     

Photocatalytic Degradation of Diethyl Phthalate with Surfactant Addition

This paper studies the adsorption of diethyl phthalate (DEP,an environmental hormone) on the surface of nanoscale TiO_2, effects of pH value of solutions, initial concentrations of DEP and additive surfactant on photocatalytic degradation and dynamics of DEP. Under ultra violet illumination, the interaction between DEP and surfactants including DBS (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfon-ate), CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), and OP-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) was exploited from the perspective of degradation speed calculated by the data of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Vis spectra, respectively. Photocatalytic degradation of DEP followed pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. DEP as substrate degraded fast when its initial concentration was 130 mg/L. TiO_2 had certain adsorption ability of DEP. TiO_2 could adsorb the most DEP at the approximately neutral pH of 6.91. Degradation of DEP was not affected obviously by additives OP-10 and DBS. Degradation rate of DEP was not enhanced greatly in the presence of surfactants, but degradation of DBS was sped up. Degradation rate of DEP was depressed in the presence of additive CTAB. The more CTAB was added, the less DEP was degraded. Degradation rate of CTAB became slow with the increase of initial CTAB concentration. The possible adsorption models among TiO_2, DEP and surfactants were given.     

非离子表面活性剂的合成教学实验装置的改造

在非离子表面活性剂的合成教学实验中,为了减少环氧乙烷的消耗,节约实验成本,对250 mL的高压反应釜进行了改造,筹建了一套耐高压反应物料量少的教学实验装置,并用此装置合成了十二醇聚氧乙烯醚,以验证此装置的性能。实验表明:可以通过控制油浴温度来控制反应物料的温度。当起始反应物料十二醇为8~10 g,油浴温度为120~160℃之间时,反应都能正常进行,但最合适的油浴温度为150℃。改造后的实验装置,可以大大减少环氧乙烷的消耗,降低实验成本。     

新型咪唑啉两性表面活性剂的合成

以十二醇双氧乙烯基乙酸为原料，与二乙三胺反应合成了咪唑啉环，进而合成了乙酸盐型咪唑啉两性表面活性剂，测定了其水溶液的表面张力，起泡性能，临界胶束浓度，讨论了反应条件对表面活性剂性能的影响。