Recording the war effort: immigrant communities in Latin America and the memory of the Great War

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to analyse the initiatives undertaken by some immigrant communities residing in Latin America to record their mobilisation around the First World War. After the armistice, European communities in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and other countries gathered detailed information about their activities during the conflict, published as profusely illustrated books of remembrance, offered to their governments as proof of their loyalty. The article intends to establish the peculiar nature of these publications as records of the war effort, and analyse the agents and processes of their elaboration, and their role as commemorative but also as archival documents.     

从日本区域社会的健康体育事务谈我国全民健身计划的普及推广

国民的整体健康水平，直接反映出一个国家政治制度的优劣，和经济基础、社会明等的发达程度，因此关于健康体育事务的研究得到了广大专家学的高度重视。以介绍日本区域社会的健康体育事务发展现状为基础，结合我国的具体情况，着重阐述了个人对我国全民健身计划推广普及的“工作重点不同、行动步调一致，把握实际需求、狠抓组织落实，关心弱势群体、真正全民健身和加强制度建设、形成保障体系”等对策建议。     

从日本区域社会健康体育俱乐部谈我国全民健身计划的普及推广

随着市场经济体制的导入，高速商业化发展的健康体育一定程度上补充了我国现阶段全民健身国家发展事业和社会福利事业在设备、设施、服务等方面的不足，满足了人们体育健身的某些特殊需求，缓和了紧张的供需矛盾。基于为提高国民体质和加速全民健身计划普及推广贡献一份力量的指导思想，在分析日本区域社会健康体育俱乐部的基础上，重点阐述了我国全民健身计划普及推广的路径与方法。     

论构建和谐社会中法治与德治的关系

在党的十四届六中全会上,党中央提出了构建社会主义和谐社会的战略构想,是对马克思科学社会主义理论的丰富和发展。在构建“民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会”的过程中,法治和德治作为实现社会安定有序的社会控制机制,是近期目标和长远目标的关系。     

阅读推广视域下“立德树人”实现路径研究北大核心CSSCI

高校图书馆阅读推广,不仅可以直接促进学生素质提高和文化传承,也能在这一服务育人中承载起"立德树人"教育这一神圣使命。阅读推广活动是内化式"立德树人"有效载体,红色主题阅读、经典品读、深阅读省思、真人图书的榜样力量、文化空间育人等是德育的主要路径。在此过程中,应当突出德之思想、挖掘德之内涵,实现阅读推广活动的多重目标兼容。     

慈善与社会和谐

在构建社会主义和谐社会的伟大工程中，慈善是一种重要的社会力量。从我国目前的形势来看，我们迫切需要激起社会怜贫恤弱的爱心，大力发展慈善事业。慈善以其仁爱之心，关爱弱势群体和困难人群的生存处境，增强他们对生活的信心和期望，有助于弥补过于悬殊的社会贫富差距；慈善所表达的善意和爱心，有助于克服日益严重的社会疏离和隔膜，促进人与人之间的彼此亲近、沟通与认同，增强人际关系的融洽与友善，从而增进社会凝聚力和向心力，促进整个社会的稳定与和谐。     

Contesting Communities

This introductory article to the combined special issue of Journalism Studies and Journalism Practice provides an overview of some of the key contemporary approaches to studying journalism and social order. It argues the need to step beyond a functionalist framework when considering the news media’s central role in shaping social connections, community and cohesion. To advance our understandings of social order, our paper suggests a greater emphasis of the significance of journalism’s relationship to the wider social sphere along with three other key considerations, including (1) a critical focus on the relationship between media, politics and social order, especially in defining and/or negotiating “anti-social” practices and social disintegration; (2) a more refined focus on the “imagined” and geographic boundaries of news audiences in digital spaces; and (3) the changing relationship to norms and conventions of journalism practice from trust and legitimacy to the role of journalists as arbiters and connectors across social spaces.     

Community differences in the implementation of Strong Communities for Children

In 1993, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect recommended a neighborhood-based strategy to prevent child abuse and neglect. The Board further recommended the development of Prevention Zones to allow for testing of the effectiveness of community-wide child protection efforts in neighborhoods of differing population density, ethnic and cultural composition, and social and economic resources. Following the Board's recommendation, this article presents the results of a trial of the effectiveness of a neighborhood-based strategy in low- and high-resource communities. Using management, survey, and administrative data, the research showed that both community types experienced declines in founded cases of and injuries suggesting child maltreatment for children under age 5. Low-resource communities experienced greater levels of mobilization, as measured by community and institutional engagement, and a greater number of positive outcomes related to changes in the quality of life for families and community norms relative to child and family well-being. In particular, the low-resource communities experienced the largest increases in receiving help from neighbors, neighboring, perceived household safety for neighborhood children, and observed positive parenting. High-resource communities experienced greater increases in intermediate outcomes related to self-reported parenting practices. The findings suggest that, ultimately, community mobilization can occur and be an effective means of preventing child maltreatment across community types. It appears, however, that community mobilization may play a more significant role in low-resource communities.     

中西政治制度设计中的“人性假定”

任何一种制度的安排,都应该建立在特定的人性认识基础之上。中西不同的人性假定,导致了不同的治政方略和制度路径。西方政治制度理念的基本分析框架,是建立在人性恶论基础之上的权力分立和制衡思想,其基本的哲学判断是＂制度高于人性＂;中国传统政治制度理念的基本分析框架,则是建立在人性善论基础之上的崇尚德治与集权专制思想,其基本的哲学判断是＂人性优于制度＂。＂性善＂与＂性恶＂两种不同的人性假定,导致了中西＂德治＂与＂法治＂不同的政治文化与政治制度设计。＂德治＂与＂法治＂分别构成了中西政治哲学的核心理念。儒家文化中的人性本善假定从民族文化精神和心理的角度看,固然提升了人们对民族文化的自尊自豪感、民族自信心以及民族凝聚力,但却对中国政治发展也产生过一些不良影响。中国传统的德治思想必须突破和超越人治的范畴,必须在私人领域和公共领域两相区分的前提下,参照西方的宪政理念与法治经验,方可为当代中国的政治建构提供有益的借鉴。     

中国农村社区基本公共品供给的合作机制

从基本公共品类型与供给方式来看,农村社区基本公共品类型复杂多样、合作机制呈现多元主导格局;从筹资来源渠道来看,农村社区基本公共品资金来源渠道由传统单一型向多元筹资方式转变;从决策机制来看,农村社区基本公共品供给决策机制由传统威权型逐步向协商治理模式转向;从合作能力的影响因素来看,影响农村社区基本公共品合作供给能力的基本因素有利益关联度、集体经济实力、村委会权威水平、村民参与水平以及相关宏观政策五个主要方面。