Does Regional Difference Account for the Formation of Prototype?

The study of categorization and prototype has been an interesting subject for the scholars in psycholinguistics. They have done different studies to investigate the reasons for the formation of the prototype in people‘s mind. Some scholars believe that cultural factors play an important role in the formation of prototype. This paper is intended to look into the categorization of the fruits in China, and the researcher hopes to get the factors which may to some extent influence their idea of typicality. The researcher believes that the regions where a person grows up in may have a subtle effect on his or her idea of typicality of certain items.     

鲁迅的小说有什么好

鲁迅的小说以新鲜多样的艺术形式，深刻丰富的思想内涵和深厚的人生体验显示了中国现代小说所能达到的水准。《狂人日记》将新奇的故事与整体的象征相结合，使启蒙思想获得陌生化的艺术效果；《孔乙己》在典型环境中塑造典型人物，“这一个”中包含着丰富的社会文化内涵；《阿Q正传》则将讽刺揉合在滑稽的故事中，喜剧的外壳下藏着悲剧的内涵。以鲁迅小说为代表的中国现代小说重新激活了读者的阅读感觉，并加强了与读者人生体验的内在联系。     

试论赵树理小说的情节特征

赵树理小说的独特之处,不是其“口头与文字之间”的语言,或是“传统和现代的融合”的体式,而是它情节的流淌式和典型性,是它朴实的现实主义精神,以及它的理性色彩。这种情节样式和我国同时代的著名小说相似,更与西方小说相似,但又与它们不同。与什么都相像,又什么也不是,这正好就是它。这样的情节样式,在中国文学史上是罕见的。因而,赵树理小说的重要地位,无可推翻,也无可替代。     

The role of multicultural and colorblind ideologies and typicality in imagined contact interventions

Recent studies have demonstrated that simply imagining a positive interaction with an outgroup member reduces prejudice, especially if the outgroup member is typical of the whole outgroup. In this research, we tested how a multicultural vs. colorblind mindset might impact the efficacy of imagined contact with a typical or atypical outgroup member. Specifically, we tested the interactive effects between ideologies (multiculturalism vs. colorblindness) and the typicality of the outgroup member (typical vs. atypical) in the imagined encounter. Results revealed that participants exposed to the multicultural ideology who imagined an encounter with an atypical outgroup member expressed fewer positive perceptions (warmth and competence) toward both primary and secondary outgroups compared with respondents exposed to the multicultural ideology who imagined an interaction with a typical outgroup member, and compared with respondents exposed to a colorblind ideology (irrespective of typicality of the outgroup member). The study highlights the importance of considering the interaction between cultural ideologies and typicality during intergroup contact when designing interventions aimed at promoting positive intergroup perceptions.     

Father and Daughter Motives and Satisfaction This article is based on the author's dissertation completed under the direction of Dr Rebecca Rubin. This paper was also presented at the annual National Communication Association Convention,Miami Beach,Florida in November 2003.

There are few studies in the communication discipline dealing with father–daughter relationships and methods for increasing satisfaction within these relationships. This study investigates the motives fathers and daughters have when communicating with each other and how these motives affect relationship satisfaction. Results indicated that daughters communicated mainly with their fathers for the following motives: affection, relaxation, pleasure, and inclusion. Fathers reported communicating with their daughters for pleasure, affection, and relaxation. Findings indicate a means of increasing satisfaction among father–daughter relationships by encouraging communication that incorporates statements of affection and pleasure.