“地方人士著述”是否地方文献

关于地方文献范围的讨论中,地方人士著述的取舍问题,一直存在分歧.本文主张地方人士著述应当全部收入当地地方文献,并在分析了新中国建立以来各家观点的基础上,提出了界定"地方人士"可以遵循的两个原则,即出生地原则和户籍原则,认可在这两个原则下同一文献同时收于两地地方文献的情况.参考文献10.     

《清嘉录》著述年代考--兼论著者顾禄生年

清代中期顾禄所著《清嘉录》，是记录当时江苏岁时习俗的重要书籍。论文作者通过参阅大量文献考证了《清嘉录》的著述年代及顾禄的生年。     

一类新的具脉冲出生单种群动力学模型分析

讨论了一类新的具脉冲出生的单种群动力学模型,利用离散动力系统频闪映射理论,得到了种群持续生存的充分条件．结论刻画了现实的生物种群动力学性质,也丰富了脉冲微分方程理论．     

The impact of child maltreatment on the risk of deliberate self-harm among adolescents: A population-wide cohort study using linked administrative records

Adolescents exposed to maltreatment have an elevated risk of deliberate self-harm (DSH). The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinally the effects of the number, timing, and type of maltreatment allegations on adolescent risk of having a DSH-related hospital admission, using linked data in Western Australia. A total of 351,372 children born between 1986 and 2000 were followed from birth up to the year 2010. Cox regression models were utilized, while controlling for a range of psychosocial covariates. Compared to children without allegations of maltreatment, children with unsubstantiated allegations only (aHR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00–1.08, p < .01) and children with a substantiated allegation (aHR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.06–1.15, p < .001) all had significantly increased risk of DSH in adolescence. Among children with a substantiated allegation of maltreatment, the greater the number of allegations, the longer the exposure to maltreatment, and the more types of maltreatment experienced by a child, the higher the child's risk of DSH. However, this dose–response pattern was not found among children with unsubstantiated allegations only. This study calls for the early identification of children who are vulnerable to maltreatment, the better identification of the duration and severity of maltreatment experiences, and the provision of continued care and support, to reduce the child's DSH risk in adolescence.     

Childhood maltreatment and high dietary fat intake behaviors in adulthood: A birth cohort study

Childhood maltreatment has been associated with a wide range of chronic medical conditions including obesity, other metabolic events and eating disorders. However, little is known about the association between childhood maltreatment and high dietary fat intake. This study addresses the extent to which co-occurring and specific forms of substantiated childhood maltreatment are associated with self-reported high dietary fat intake in adulthood and whether there is a gender–childhood maltreatment interaction in predicting this association. The study also examines the association between age at substantiation of maltreatment, number of childhood maltreatment substantiations and high dietary fat intake-related behaviors. The data were from a prospective Australian pre-birth mother-child dyads study, the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy. The study followed 7223 mother-child dyads following the birth of a live, singleton baby at the Mater hospital. Recruitment was early in pregnancy, and then follow-ups at 3–5 days postpartum and again when the child was 6 months, 5, 14 and 21 years of age. The data were linked to agency-substantiated cases of childhood maltreatment 0–14 years. This study extended the data linkage to 3766 (47.4% female) participants who had complete data on dietary fat intake behaviors at the 21-year follow-up. Consecutive logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios with respective 95% confidence intervals for high dietary fat intake for multiple and specific forms of childhood maltreatment, as well as age at and number of childhood maltreatment substantiations. Finally, a gender–childhood maltreatment interaction term was used to predict the outcome. In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, substantiated childhood maltreatment including physical abuse were associated with high dietary fat intake-related behaviors. Similarly, substantiation of childhood maltreatment between the ages of 5 and 14 years was significantly associated with high dietary fat intake-related behaviors as were two or more substantiations of maltreatment. Inclusion of gender–childhood maltreatment interaction only had a minor impact on the size and direction of the association. Chronic and severe forms of childhood maltreatment including physical abuse are associated with a higher rate of dietary fat intake in young adulthood. Further research to replicate this association might focus on possible neuro-hormonal mechanisms that might explain this behavior.     

美国DAP方案的发展历程及其对我国幼儿园课程改革的启示

本文探讨了美国《0～8岁儿童适宜发展课程》方案的兴起与发展,对该方案前后两个版本的主要观点进行了比较,对其所受到的批评以及回应进行了梳理,以期为我国的幼儿园课程改革提供借鉴。     

基于机器视觉的汽车角窗玻璃混线检测算法

针对汽车玻璃角窗生产线上轮廓、材质与厚度相近似的汽车玻璃容易产生混淆的问题,提出融合轮廓特征与颜色特征的汽车玻璃混线检测算法。通过改进的几何矩匹配算法实现汽车玻璃的轮廓检测;利用色彩特征实现汽车玻璃的材质与厚度的检测,结合轮廓特征与色彩特征实现了汽车玻璃的混线检测。实验证明,提出的混线检测算法有效提高了汽车玻璃混线检测的准确率,有利于提升汽车玻璃检测的自动化水平。     

从《吴问》论重税先亡看孙武的民本思想

临沂银雀山汉简《吴问》记载了孙武根据晋国六卿自定地亩的大小,收取赋税的轻重,预言其败亡先后,劝谏吴王厚爱其民的史事,表现了孙武以民为本的军事思想。这与孙武后来谏阻吴王“民劳,未可”,暂时不要攻楚入郢和六年后“王必欲大伐,必得唐蔡乃可”的做法,以及《孙子兵法》中提出的“惟民是保”思想是一脉相承的。孙武在军事上以民为本的思想至今仍有现实意义。     

温州市人口性别比例偏高及其成因分析

温州市男性人口数远远多于女性人口数，某种程度上造成成年男性婚配困难等社会问题，长期得不到纠正。造成性别比例关系某种程度失调的主要原因是出生男、女性别比严重偏高，某根本原因是重男轻女思想的作怪导致的胎儿性别人为选择行为。建议政府采取更加严厉的措施，遇止这一丑陋社会现象及其引发的社会问题。     

住宅小区给水管道设计流量计算公式探讨

本文在分析了室内住宅和室外市政给水管道流量计算公式的基础上依据住宅小区的特点和性质,提出了住宅小区给水管道流量的计算公式.