少年中长跑运动员跑的经济性与运动成绩关系研究

以体校男女各13名少年运动员为研究对象,采用跑台逐级递增负荷运动试验测试最大吸氧量,并以24m·min-1的恒定跑台速度测试跑的经济性RE,呼出气体通过JaegerEOS心肺功能测试仪,用开放式气体测试法分析。文中运动员成绩均为竞赛成绩。实验结果表明,跑的经济性RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)无显著性性别差异(P>0.05),但个体间存在较大的差异。RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)与1500m、400m跑运动成绩无显著性相关,RE(％V2max)与10km跑成绩呈显著相关。提示RE在较长距离跑中起重要作用。运动员想提高耐力水平,可以通过提高最大有氧能力或改善技术以提高经济性这两种方法实现。     

跑跳健美操对女大学生耐力素质的实验研究

本研究通过在女大学生中开展健美操锻炼的实验研究 ,探索一种既适合女生心理特点 ,激发女生锻炼兴趣 ,又能提高女大学生耐力素质的方法。实践证明 ,跑跳健美操可以有效地调动女大学生进行耐力素质锻炼的积极性、主动性 ,使学生的心肺机能、 80 0M测试成绩均有较大的提高     

跳远助跑速度利用率的探讨

跳远是我国田径运动项目中运动水平较高的项目之一,近来关于助跑速度利用率的问题引起了讨论,本文认为高助跑速度利用率并没有达到预期的效果,它对起跳技术的影响直接降低了运动成绩,多年来在高助跑速度利用率条件下改进起跳技术未见明显成效,并提出采用较低的助跑速度利用率的可能性和考虑国外优秀运动员经验的建议。     

大学生耐力跑项目改革实验之研究

对现有的大学生耐力跑项目教学测试进行剖析，分析其不合理性，同时提出建立较为科学的耐力跑标准和练习方法，通过实验得以实证。     

高校图书馆文献资产流失现状及管理对策研究

本文对高校图书馆文献型国有资产的现状和流失现象进行分析,在此基础上重点探讨高校图书馆文献国有资产的管理,提出控制对策以供商榷。     

Neuro-mechanical adjustments to shod versus barefoot treadmill runs in the acute and delayed stretch-shortening cycle recovery phases

In habitually shod recreational runners, we studied the combined influence of footwear and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) fatigue on treadmill running pattern, paying special attention to neuro-mechanical adjustments in the acute and 2-day delayed recovery periods. The SSC exercise consisted of a series of 25 sub-maximal rebounds on a sledge apparatus repeated until exhaustion. The acute and delayed functional fatigue effects were quantified in a maximal drop jump test. The neuro-mechanical adjustments to fatigue were examined during two submaximal treadmill run tests of 3 min performed either barefoot or with shoes on. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activities, tibial accelerations and kinematics of the right lower limb were recorded during the first and last 15 s of each run. The main result was that neuro-mechanical differences between the shod and barefoot running patterns, classically reported in the absence of fatigue, persisted in the fatigued state. However, in the delayed recovery phase, rearfoot eversion was found to significantly increase in the shod condition. This specific footwear effect is considered as a potential risk factor of overuse injuries in longer runs. Therefore, specific care should be addressed in the delayed recovery phase of SSC fatigue and the use of motion control shoes could be of interest.     

Reliability and validity of the Myotest® for measuring running stride kinematics

Accelerometer-based systems are often used to quantify human movement. This study’s aim was to assess the reliability and validity of the Myotest® accelerometer-based system for measuring running stride kinematics. Twenty habitual runners ran two 60 m trials at 12, 15, 18 and 21 km·h^?1. Contact time, aerial time and step frequency parameters from six consecutive running steps of each trial were extracted using Myotest® data. Between-trial reproducibility of measures was determined by comparing kinematic parameters from the two runs performed at the same speed. Myotest® measures were compared against photocell-based (Optojump Next®) and high-frequency video data to establish concurrent validity. The Myotest®-derived parameters were highly reproducible between trials at all running speeds (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.886 to 0.974). Compared to the photo-cell and high-speed video-based measures, the mean contact times from the Myotest® were 34% shorter and aerial times were 64% longer. Only step frequency was comparable between systems and demonstrated high between-system correlation (ICC ≥ 0.857). The Myotest® is a practical portable device that is reliable for measuring contact time, aerial time and step frequency during running. In terms of validity, it provides accurate step frequency measures but underestimates contact time and overestimates aerial time compared to photocell- and optical-based systems.     

带钢的"跑偏"及纠正

针对带钢在运送过程中，受各种因素影响而出现的“跑偏”情况加以说明、分析。并提出采用控制辊系统纠偏方式，并对其纠偏方式进行分析、探讨。     

中外合作办学教学质量内部监控及其体系构建

中外合作办学教学质量日益成为社会关注的焦点,必须建立和完善其教学质量的内部监控体系与运行机制。不能把国内的一套体系和程序简单地移植过来,而应针对当前教学质量存在的问题,坚持教学质量监控的基本原则,借鉴国外教学质量管理经验,构建适合中外合作办学的教学质量内部监控体系。并在这个体系的框架下,积极寻求质量保障的路径与对策,形成高效的运行机制,打造出自己的质量品牌和特色。     

循环抗阻训练对女大学生肌力及有氧耐力影响研究*

目的：探讨循环抗阻训练对非体育专业女大学生等动肌力以及有氧工作能力的影响。方法：以在校非体育专项23名女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组进行8周循环抗阻训练,对照组不训练。训练前后,利用IsoMed2000等动肌力测试系统测试肩关节、腰腹、膝关节等部位等速肌力;利用CORTEX MetaMax-3B运动心肺功能测试仪测试最大摄氧量的变化。结果：1.通过8周循环抗阻训练,女大学生左右膝关节屈伸肌群等动肌力均显著高于训练前,腰腹伸肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前,左右肩关节屈肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前,右肩关节伸肌群等动肌力极显著高于训练前;2.通过8周循环抗阻训练,女大学生最大摄氧量绝对值、相对值以及最大摄氧量出现时间均极显著高于训练前。结论：通过8周循环抗阻训练,能提升女大学生有氧耐力,增加女大学生膝关节屈伸肌群、躯干伸肌群、左右肩关节屈肌群峰以及右肩关节伸肌群的力量。但躯干屈肌群和左肩关节伸肌群作用不明显,今后应用该套循环抗阻训练方案,应增加躯干伸肌群和左肩关节伸肌群锻炼动作。