Disciplinary exclusion: wicked problems in wicked settings

This paper uses Rittel and Webber’s categorisation of wicked problems in order to interrupt discourses around school behaviour. Each of the 10 characteristics suggested by Rittel and Webber are examined using the English education system as a vehicle by which to consider and interrogate their complexity. This endeavour is crucial as although the characteristics of wicked problems naturally overlap, the cannot, and should not, be conflated if we wish to understand how different facets of a wicked problem shed light, and create shadows, that impact on all members of a school community. That school communities can be wicked settings adds nuance to the complexity of the problems that we face when educating students whose behaviours challenge the norms of their educational environment.     

关于平均指标若干问题的探讨

目前统计界在对平均指标的概念、数理基础及应用分析等方面的阐述还存在一些疑点。重新界定平均指标的概念、阐明统计平均数与数学平均数的区别、进一步明确调和平均数的应用场合，是非常必要的。     

齐海峰竞技成绩的灰色关联分析及GM(1,N)动态协调模型的研究

采用文献资料法和灰色关联度分析法,对我国优秀男子十项全能运动员齐海峰1999-2002年十项全能的比赛成绩进行统计与分析,运用GM(1,N)动态协调模型对其在总成绩不断提高的各个阶段诸因素间相互联系、相互影响的辩证发展关系进行多方位、多层次研究。结果表明:100米跑、铅球和跳远是影响齐海峰专项成绩的关键因素,其关联度分别为0.8928、0.7443和0.7571,研究还发现,齐海峰在成绩提高的每一个阶段中,系统处于不稳定和非协调发展,其中速度和速度——力量性项目落后是导致系统不稳定和非协调发展的主要因素。     

外语专业学生学习外国文学的优势与困境

外语专业学生研究外国文学具有双语双向交流的特征,这是他们的优势.但他们母语和文学基础的薄弱使他们陷入困境,因此,在外语系或外语院校增加文学课时,加强文学和文学理论与批判的学习是当务之急。     

线粒体DNA（mtDNA）多态性与运动能力关系的研究进展

全面总结和分析了人类线粒体DNA(mtDNA)多态性及与人类运动能力关系和不同多态性与训练对人体运动能力适应性影响机制的研究成果。结果提示：mtDNA可作为良好的遗传标记,尤其是长1122bp的控制区在线粒体基因组中最具多态性、进化速率最高的区域,包含着线粒体基因表达的控制信息,其序列多态性分析以及与运动能力表型的关联研究,对于人类运动能力的分子遗传学探讨有重要意义和研究前景。但有关mtDNA多态性与运动能力之间关系的研究才刚刚起步,现有的研究结果还存在争议,仍需进一步深入研究。     

学校体育现代化进程中的均衡发展问题研究

学校体育均衡发展对个体、学校与社会都具有特殊意义,学校体育均衡发展在整个21世纪的学校教育中占有重要的地位,要客观地面对制约其均衡发展的因素,以实事求是,从实际出发,发现问题,解决问题的态度,全面实施学校体育均衡发展的战略。     

马克思主义的生命力和邓小平理论的时代价值

马克思主义是充满无限生命力的科学。马克思主义所以具有与时俱进的发展本质和发展要求，最重要的是依据三个基本要素：一是时代性、二是实践性、三是科学方法。这三个要素，在邓小平理论中得以充分展示。这是邓小平理论所以成为马克思主义发展的新阶段，所以具有强大生命力和深远时代价值的最重要原因。     

马克思“人化自然观”初探——以《德意志意识形态》为例

随着社会政治、经济、文化的全面发展，人类面临的生态环境问题的严重性迫使我们重新审视人与自然的关系，反思我们的自然观。通过探索马克思的“人化自然观”，可以看出，马克思解决环境问题的思路和方法对我们解决社会主义现代化进程中的环境问题具有重要的指导意义。     

Sexual Harassment as [Dys]Functional Process: A Feminist Standpoint Analysis

Researchers have approached the study of sexual harassment as though it were dysfunctional. However, a feminist standpoint theory analysis would suggest that it functions differently for men and women. A study using discussion groups and stimulated recall interviews was conducted in a large health care organization. A thematic analysis revealed a primary theme of sexual harassment as a [dys]functional process. For the male participants, sexual behavior served as a coping mechanism for stress, as a form of therapeutic care, and to create and demonstrate camaraderie. For the women participants, sexual behavior tended to be either nonfunctional or dysfunctional. They did not associate it with stress reduction, therapeutic touch, and viewed group camaraderie as a means of prevention. Implications are discussed.     

Chaos theory, informational needs, and natural disasters

This study applies chaos theory to a system-wide analysis of crisis communication in a natural disaster. Specifically, we analyze crisis communication during the 1997 Red River Valley flood in Minnesota and North Dakota. This flood, among the worst in modern American history, consumed entire metropolitan areas, displacing thousands of people. The conditions and decisions leading to the disaster, and the subsequent reactions are retraced. Communication related to river crest predictions (fractals), the shock at the magnitude of the crisis (cosmology episode), novel forms of reorganizing (self-organization), and agencies that aided in establishing a renewed order (strange attractors) are evaluated. Ultimately, we argue that preexisting sensemaking structures favoring rationalized, traditional views of a complex system led officials to make inappropriately unequivocal predictions and ultimately diminished the effectiveness of the region's crisis communication and planning.