Skiing‐Skating

An articulated boot design is commonly used in skiing and skating sports because it allows sagittal plane ankle mobility while still providing critical frontal plane stability. Although articulated boots have been in use for several decades, current manufacturers of these boots differ in their articulation placement. In this study we determined an optimal position of the ankle articulation axis. We also calculated the amount of anterior skin movement that a boot tongue must account for during a full range of ankle motion. Three‐dimensional kinematic data were collected and analyzed from 40 participants moving their right foot through a full range of sagittal plane motion. The calculated horizontal position of the articulation axis was found to be highly predictable from foot length (r = 0.87, standard error of estimate = 3.44 mm), while its vertical component displayed less predictability (r = 0.49, standard error of estimate = 7.46 mm). The expansion required by the boot tongue had a moderate association with foot length and low variability (r = 0.58, standard error of estimate = 0.07 mm). An accurate axis placement will minimize relative motion between the boot cuff and the ankle, reducing friction and motion resistance. An expandable tongue will accommodate full plantar flexion and reduce pressure on the anterior ankle during dorsiflexion, eliminating common pressure‐related injuries.     

金代齐国王墓出土的靴鞋袜与冠巾

1988年5月,黑龙江省文物考古研究所在阿城市巨源乡城子村西出土了一批极为珍贵的丝织品服饰、靴、鞋、袜、冠带等文物,直接填补了金代服饰研究的空白,诸多金代服饰及宋代金锦更为世所罕见,被誉为＂北方的马王堆＂。它是研究我国古代服饰最好的实物例证。     

电热碳纤维滑雪保温鞋的研制

随着大众滑雪的普及,滑雪者对滑雪鞋的功能提出了更高的要求,为满足消费者的需求,进行了电热碳纤维滑雪保温鞋的研制.以80C51单片机作为主控制芯片,采用DS18B20温度采集和继电器控制温度加热的技术手段,结合显示电路等其他辅助电路,实现了碳纤维滑雪保温鞋温度的智能控制.设计可以满足滑雪者自行设计温度、时间的需求,具有智能安全的特点.不仅创造了商品产业多元化发展的产业链,而且还可以使装备技术的使用者和产业者与跨学科技术融合,成为社会效益与经济效益的共赢者.     

采用高频淬火技术提高采煤机导向滑靴的使用寿命

导向滑靴是我公司生产的采煤机中的一个重要零件,在采煤机工作中主要起支撑和导向的作用。原工艺为滑靴调质处理,硬度280-320HB,然后在导向面焊接耐磨板,因焊后耐磨板硬度较低,造成滑靴使用时间较短。新工艺为滑靴整体调质,硬度280-320HB后,采用高频淬火技术提高导向面的硬度,以此提高其使用寿命。     

Boot-insole effects on comfort and plantar loading at the heel and fifth metatarsal during running and turning in soccer

Plantar loading may influence comfort, performance and injury risk in soccer boots. This study investigated the effect of cleat configuration and insole cushioning levels on perception of comfort and in-shoe plantar pressures at the heel and fifth metatarsal head region. Nine soccer academy players (age 15.7 ± 1.6 years; height 1.80 ± 0.40 m; body mass 71.9 ± 6.1 kg) took part in the study. Two boot models (8 and 6 cleats) and two insoles (Poron and Poron/gel) provided four footwear combinations assessed using pressure insoles during running and 180° turning. Mechanical and comfort perception tests differentiated boot and insole conditions. During biomechanical testing, the Poron insole generally provided lower peak pressures than the Poron/gel insole, particularly during the braking step of the turn. The boot model did not independently influence peak pressures at the fifth metatarsal, and had minimal influence on heel loads. Specific boot-insole combinations performed differently (P < 0.05). The 8-cleat boot and the Poron insole performed best biomechanically and perceptually, but the combined condition did not. Inclusion of kinematic data and improved control of the turning technique are recommended to strengthen future research. The mechanical, perception and biomechanical results highlight the need for a multi-faceted approach in the assessment of footwear.     

Ground reaction force measures when running in soccer boots and soccer training shoes on a natural turf surface

There are differences in ground reaction force when wearing soccer boots compared with training shoes on a natural turf surface. Two natural-turf-covered force platforms, located outdoors in a field, allowed comparison of performance when six-studded soccer boots and soccer training shoes were worn during straight fast running (5.4 m s^-1 ± 0.27 m s-1) and slow running (4.4 m^s-1 ± 0.22 m s^-1). Six male soccer players (mean age: 25 ± 4.18 years; mean mass 79.7 ±9.32 kg) struck the first platform with the right foot and the second platform with the left foot. In fast running, the mean vertical impact peak was significantly greater in soccer boots (2.706 BW) than in training shoes (2.496 BW) when both the right and left foot were considered together and averaged (P = 0.003). Similarly, the mean vertical impact peak loading rate was greater when wearing soccer boots at 26.09 BWs^-1 compared to training shoes (21.32 BWs^-1;P = 0.002). Notably, the mean vertical impact peak loading rate of the left foot (boots: 28.07 BWs^-1; shoes: 22.52 BWs^-1) was significantly greater than the right foot (boots: 24.11 BWs^-1; shoes: 20.11 BWs^-1) in both boots and shoes (P = 0.018). The braking force was greater for the left foot (P = 0.013). In contrast, mean peak vertical propulsion forces were greater for the right foot (P > 0.001) when either soccer boots or training shoes were considered. Similar significant trends were evident in slow running, and, notably, in both soccer boots and training shoes medial forces were greater for the left foot (P = 0.008) and lateral forces greater for the right foot (P = 0.011). This study showed the natural turf ground reaction force measurement system can highlight differences in footwear in an ecological environment. Greater forces and impact loading rates occurred during running activity in soccer boots than in training shoes, with soccer boots showing reduced shock attenuation at impact. Such findings may have implications for impact-related injuries with sustained exposure, especially on harder natural-turf surfaces. There were differences in the forces occurring at the right and left feet with the ground, thus suggesting the use of bipedal monitoring of ground reaction forces.