带血管蒂组织瓣移位修复股骨头缺血性坏死的研究现状

股骨头缺血性坏死的临床治疗中带血管蒂组织瓣转位修复术收效良好。本文就股骨头血供特点、关节囊附着特点和几种股骨头修复术能带血管蒂转位的供瓣区解剖特点作一综述，为临床设计操作方便、损伤小、血供丰富的组织瓣转位术提供解剖学依据。     

Sexual dimorphism in bone–muscle relationship in young adults

The purpose of this study was to analyse associations between lean soft tissue (LST), a surrogate of skeletal muscle mass and key fracture-related geometric characteristics of the proximal femur. Moreover, we examined the role that muscle played on the proximal femur geometry in response to physical activity (PA). Participants were 83 young adults. Leg LST (exposure) was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Proximal femur geometry was derived from a left hip DXA scan. Geometric variables (outcomes) included the femoral neck axis length (FNAL), the femoral neck width (FNW), the neck–shaft angle and FNW|FNAL (an index of robustness). PA was evaluated by accelerometry. Linear regression was used to analyse relationships. Additional exposure variables included body height and mass. In males, leg LST explained 17.4% of variation in FNAL (P < 0.001) and 15% in FNW (P = 0.015). In females, it explained 8.8% of the variance in FNAL (P = 0.020). Associations remained significant in males, but not in females, when vigorous PA was added to the models. These results suggest that public health approaches to promote PA may be particularly important in females since vigorous PA seems to convey advantages in femur geometry and consequently in bone strength.     

双向牵引治疗股骨传子下骨折

采用双向牵引治疗股骨转子下不稳定型骨折的方法，既符合平衡牵引的原理而使骨折达到满意的对位，又能克服单向牵引长期存在骨折复位后难以维持良好对位的缺点，它是一种能提高本类骨折临床治疗效果的有效方法。     

Skeleton Changes Induced by Horse Riding on Medieval Skeletal Remains from Croatia

Skeletal remains of 35 individuals from the Croatian excavation site Kamen Most – Kaldrma from the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries were analyzed anthropologically. Due to specific skeletal characteristics, eight of them were analyzed in great detail in this study. The results of additional analysis indicated that all bone elements, except pelves, of all eight persons belonged to males. All pelvic girdle have characteristics of female sex and pronounced muscle attachments that are both indicative of horse riding. All eight persons had at least two of six changes on femora indicative of horse riding. Vertebrae of seven persons (one person did not have preserved vertebrae) have Schmorl's nodes. Signs of advanced osteoarthritis were found on all joints in all eight persons. All of them also have visible signs of periostitis especially on lower extremities. Pathological signs of trauma were found in five persons. Two of them had skull fractures and the rest had fractures of extremities which are also characteristic for horse riders. The average age of all eight persons was above 45 years at death. DNA analysis confirmed male sex for seven individuals. The results were additionally confirmed by later archeological findings of tombstones with illustrations of horse riders.     

大强度跳跃训练对生长期大鼠股骨成长和骨盐含量的影响

对生长期长鼠进行８周大强度跳跃训练,并对不对运动量进行比较研究,测定其股骨长度和横截面参数及骨盐含量、骨密度,结果表明,大鼠股长轴方向成向成长受到了明显抑制,大鼠股骨骨盐含量明显下降,且运动量越大表现越明显。     

电磁场对损伤股骨恢复作用的机理探讨

根据骨的压电特性．采用圆形线圈通过方脉冲信号所产生的电磁场这一物理模型，从理论上分析了脉冲变化的电磁场对骨的刺激作用，提出能够促进损伤股骨恢复的适宜的刺激电流、刺激频率以及刺激电流的方向。     

肾脏和股骨铅蓄积多元素综合指标探讨

目的:通过对血液中多元素与肾铅、股骨铅关系的分析,探讨能够准确反映肾脏、股骨铅蓄积的综合指标。方法:选取健康的4周龄雄性SD大鼠75只,随机分成25组,采取大剂量范围,小浓度间隔的染毒方法。实验开始后,于第40、80、120天分别从各组随机选取1只大鼠,经乙醚麻醉后股动脉取血,并收集肾脏、股骨,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定元素含量。结果:血铅、肾铅、股骨铅浓度随染毒剂量的增加而发生变化,但变化趋势各不相同;血铅浓度与肾铅、股骨铅浓度之间的相关性随染毒周期而变化;血液中其他元素的浓度或浓度比值与肾铅、股骨铅之间的相关有统计学意义,且相关系数均高于单一元素与肾铅、股骨铅间的相关系数。结论:单一血铅指标在反映脏器铅蓄积水平有一定的局限性;多元素综合指标则有可能成为估算脏器铅蓄积水平的有力工具。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折

目的:探讨逆行交锁髓内钉在治疗股骨髁上骨折中的应用.方法:从2003.1～2003.5月,应用逆行交锁髓内钉治疗23例股骨髁上骨折.结果:随访5～18个月,骨折均愈合.结论:逆行交锁髓内钉是治疗股骨髁上骨折的良好方法之一,其提供的力学固定有利于骨折愈合和膝关节功能的康复.     

下肢牵引复位器固定经皮穿针治疗股骨颈骨折

目的：总结三枚斯氏针闭合经矩穿针微创法治疗股骨颈骨折的经验．方法：采用下肢牵引复位器复位固定，在放射诊视床上，闭合经矩用三枚斯氏针交叉固定股骨颈骨折．结果：经1—3a的随访，20例患者除2例外均达到骨性愈合，髋关节功能恢复正常．术后20例均达到解剖复位．结论：闭合经矩三枚斯氏针交叉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折具有微创、感染率低、内固定坚强、愈合快等优点，是一种简单有效的方法．     

少年短跑运动员踏车运动后股动脉超声检测结果分析

本文利用超声技术，采用DA-84型脚踏测功计，载荷分别2KP、4KP进行踏车试验，分析不同负荷的下肢运动后股动脉口径的变化情况，试图通过有关运动生理学的基础理论研究，对运动训练实践产生一定的积极影响。