烟雾吸入伤早期氧化与抗氧化动态平衡变化的实验研究

采用大鼠烟雾吸入伤模型，动态观察了伤后血浆、支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）和肺组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和共轭二烯（ＣＤ）含量的变化，辅以动脉血气分析、肺水量测定、ＢＡＬＦ中白细胞分类计数和病理检查．结果发现，伤后动物出现急性呼吸衰竭和严重肺水肿，肺内大量炎细胞聚集浸润；血浆、ＢＡＬＦ及肺组织中ＳＯＤ活性明显降低，ＣＤ和ＭＤＡ含量显著增加，ＭＤＡ／ＳＯＤ比值亦明显增高，且与ＢＡＬＦ中中性粒细胞数增加显著相关，提示氧化与抗氧化平衡失调可能在急性烟雾吸入性肺损伤的发生发展中起重要作用     

A preliminary report on the role of yoga asanas on oxidative stress in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Nineteen subjects of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) between the age group of 30–60 yrs were studied to see the effect of specific yoga asanas on fasting and postprandial blood glucose (FBG, PPG), serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA₁) in addition to drug treatment and diet control. The duration of diabetes ranged from 1–10 years. Patients with renal, cardiac and proliferative retinal diseases were excluded from the study. The same patients served as their own control. Subjects were called in the morning to the cardio-respiratory laboratory and were given training by a yoga expert. Yoga asanas included Suryanamskar, Tadasan, TriKonasan, Padmasan, Pranayam, Paschimottanasan, Ardhmatsyendrasan, Pavanmukthasan, Sarpasan and Shavasan. The asanas were done every day for 40 days for 30–40 min. FBG, PPG, serum MDA and HbA₁ were estimated before and after 40 days of yoga asanas regimen. Significant reduction was seen in FBG from 220 mg/dl to 162 mg/dl, PPG from 311 mg/dl to 255 mg/dl, MDA from 6 nmol/l to 3 nmol/l and HbA₁, from 8.8% to 6.4%. Subjects felt better and were relieved of their stresses and had an improvement in their day to day performance. The decrease was statistically significant (p<0.0001 for FBG and PPG, p<0.001 for MDA and for HbA₁).     

牛磺酸对丙二醛诱导疲劳大鼠的保护作用

目的:研究丙二醛(MDA)诱导的运动性疲劳及牛磺酸(Tau)抗运动性疲劳作用及可能的机制。方法:60只SD大鼠分成对照组(C组)、生理盐水组(E组)、Tau组(T组)、MDA组(M组)及Tau喂食后再喂食MDA组(T+M组)和MDA喂食后再喂食Tau组(M+T组),测试各组大鼠7 d游泳力竭所经历时间变化,及LA和LDH活性,心肌和腓肠肌Ca2+-ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性的差异。结果:M组大鼠力竭时间缩短而T组大鼠力竭时间延长,T+M组大鼠力竭时间缩短而M+T组大鼠力竭时间又延长;T组大鼠LA降低而LDH活性升高,喂食MDA后则逆转了这一过程,M组大鼠LA升高而LDH活性降低,喂食Tau后也能拮抗这一过程;M组Ca2+-ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性活性降低而T组活性升高,M组大鼠喂食Tau及T组大鼠喂食MDA后可以逆转这一过程。结论:MDA可以直接诱导运动性疲劳而Tau能有效的抗MDA所诱导的疲劳过程。     

补充胆红素对运动大鼠淋巴细胞、肝细胞凋亡的影响趋势研究

目的：观察补充胆红素对运动造成的细胞凋亡的影响，为运动营养补剂的研发，减少运动性损伤提供一定的实验依据。方法：以40只健康雄性SD大鼠为研究对象，随机分成5组，通过流式细胞仪检测技术检测强抗氧化剂对淋巴细胞和肝细胞凋亡的影响，同时观察与分析外周血浆和肝组织SOD的活性与MDA的含量。结果表明：力竭运动和大强度运动训练能诱导大鼠淋巴细胞和肝细胞凋亡增加；补充胆红素使其凋亡率下降，其原因与补充胆红素能提高机体抗氧化应激有关。     

Oxidant and antioxidant status in vegetarians and fish eaters

An adequate antioxidant reserve which is usually present in a vegetarian diet is associated with higher life expectancy. On the other hand habitual consumption of fish is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases which is attributed to the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present in it. However the PUFA are readily susceptible to oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals which is known to be involved in the causation of several diseases. The oxidant-antioxidant status of 23 vegetarians and 22 fish eaters was studied by determining the plasma lipid peroxides measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidants, viz. glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and uric acid. Results show that the ascorbic acid values were significantly higher in vegetarians. In addition, MDA correlated negatively with ascorbic acid only in vegetarians. However, correlation of MDA with glutathione showed a significant negative correlation only in fish eaters. There was no statistically significant difference in the MDA, GSH, ceruloplasmin and uric acid levels. The mechanism behind these findings are not clear and needs to be explored.     

补充胆红素对不同强度运动大鼠肝细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察补充胆红素对不同强度运动造成的肝细胞凋亡的影响,为运动营养补剂的研发,减少运动性损伤提供一定的实验依据。方法：以53只健康雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,随机分成五个组,即安静对照组、中等强度运动训练组、中等强度运动训练补胆红素组、大强度运动训练组、大强度运动训练补胆红素组,力竭运动组、力竭运动补胆红素组、通过流式细胞仪检测技术检测强抗氧化剂对肝细胞凋亡的影响。同时观察与分析肝组织SOD的活性与MDA的含量。结果表明：力竭运动和大强度运动训练能诱导大鼠肝细胞凋亡增加;补充胆红素使其凋亡率下降,其原因与补充胆红素能提高机体抗氧化应激有关。     

不同负荷运动大鼠补充胆红素后肝细胞凋亡趋势的研究

目的：观察补充胆红素对不同负荷运动造成的肝细胞凋亡的影响,为运动营养补剂的研发,减少运动性损伤提供一定的实验依据.方法：以53只健康雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,随机分成7个组,即安静对照组、中等负荷运动组、中等负荷运动＋胆红素组、大负荷运动组、大负荷运动＋胆红素组,力竭运动组、力竭运动＋胆红素组,通过实验检测肝细胞凋亡情况,测量肝组织SOD的活性和MDA含量.结果表明：力竭运动和大负荷运动能诱导大鼠肝细胞凋亡增加;补充胆红素使其肝细胞凋亡率降低,说明胆红素能提高机体抗氧化能力.     

镉胁迫下的桑树幼苗叶片丙二醛含量动态分析

采用水培试验方法,分别研究了不同浓度重金属镉胁迫背景下,添加或不添加EDTA处理的桑苗叶片丙二醛含量45 d的动态变化。实验结果表明:(1)桑苗叶片的丙二醛含量与镉浓度有关,在21 d～27 d内,丙二醛含量呈波动上升趋势,之后呈波动下降趋势;(2)与不添加EDTA的对照组比较,加入EDTA处理的桑苗叶片丙二醛含量波动比较平缓,随镉胁迫时间的增加,其叶片中的丙二醛含量缓慢增加;(3)低浓度的镉离子对桑苗生长有一定的促进作用,但浓度较高时会对其造成一定的伤害,使其生长受到抑制,叶片变黄,萎蔫,甚至死亡;(4)EDTA能适当缓解镉离子对桑苗的伤害。     

悦容丹治疗黄褐斑疗效观察及对SOD、MDA水平的影响

目的:观察悦容丹内服治疗黄褐斑的临床疗效,重点探讨其对患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响。方法:80例黄褐斑患者随机分成治疗组(40例)、对照组(40例),正常组(38例)。治疗组采用悦容丹口服加外用广谱防晒霜,对照组维生素C片和维生素E胶丸口服加外用广谱防晒霜,治疗12周,正常组不治疗。观察分析临床疗效及不良反应。结果:治疗组有效率95.00%,对照组有效率72.5%,两组相比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);较正常组,治疗组与对照组SOD显著升高、MDA显著降低,差异有显著性(P<0.05);治疗组血清SOD水平治疗后明显高于治疗前,MDA水平治疗后明显低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗后,治疗组血清SOD、MDA水平改善程度明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:悦容丹对黄褐斑疗效显著,无不良反应。其机制与调控机体SOD、MDA水平有一定相关性,值得临床深入探讨。     

Effects of endurance and high-intensity swimming exercise on the redox status of adolescent male and female swimmers

Abstract

Throughout adolescence, swimmers begin to carry out demanding endurance and high-intensity training sets, the effect of which on redox status is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 2000-m continuous swimming and 6 × 50-m maximal swimming on the redox status of adolescent swimmers. Fifteen male and 15 female swimmers, aged 14–18 years, provided blood samples before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 24 h after each exercise for the determination of redox status parameters. Oxidative damage was short-lived and manifest as increases in 8-hydroxy-2?-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) 1 h after high-intensity exercise (39%, P < 0.001) and in malondialdehyde immediately after both exercises (65%, P < 0.001). Alterations in antioxidant parameters were sustained during recovery: reduced glutathione decreased 24 h post-exercise (11%, P = 0.001), uric acid increased gradually after high-intensity exercise (29%, P < 0.001) and bilirubin peaked 24 h post-exercise (29%, P < 0.001). Males had higher 8-OHdG (49%, P = 0.001) and uric acid (29%, P < 0.001) concentrations than females. However, females showed higher values of malondialdehyde than males immediately post-exercise (30%, P = 0.039), despite lower pre-exercise values. In conclusion, both endurance and high-intensity exercise perturbed the redox balance without inducing prolonged oxidative damage in trained adolescent male and female swimmers. These swimming training trials were not found to be detrimental to the redox homeostasis of adolescents.