磨牙症的病因学研究进展

磨牙症是现代口腔医学的最常见病之一，通过流行病学调查、遗传因素、环境因素的分析，探讨了磨牙症与He因素、精神因素的关系，从而揭示了磨牙症病因由早先的单一模式到面在的多因素协同致病。     

知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式的元分析

摘要：研究目的：探讨知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式的实效性和知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式是否受体育项目、刺激材料、遮蔽方式的影响。研究方法：元分析方法。研究结果：知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式中反应时、准确率、注视次数为大效应,注视时间、注视频率为中效应,且大、中效应稳定的。反应时、准确率、注视次数、注视时间、注视频率的效果量在不同体育项目、不同刺激材料、不同遮蔽方式上存在差异。结论：知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式具有很好的实效性,其大、中效应的存在与专家认知优势有密切的关系;体育项目、刺激材料、遮蔽方式是知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式的调节变量。     

An occlusion paradigm to assess the importance of the timing of the quiet eye fixation

Abstract

The aim of the study was to explore the significance of the ‘timing’ of the quiet eye (QE), and the relative importance of late (online control) or early (pre-programming) visual information for accuracy. Twenty-seven skilled golfers completed a putting task using an occlusion paradigm with three conditions: early (prior to backswing), late (during putter stroke), and no (control) occlusion of vision. Performance, QE, and kinematic variables relating to the swing were measured. Results revealed that providing only early visual information (occluding late visual information) had a significant detrimental effect on performance and kinematic measures, compared to the control condition (no occlusion), despite QE durations being maintained. Conversely, providing only late visual information (occluding early visual information) was not significantly detrimental to performance or kinematics, with results similar to those in the control condition. These findings imply that the visual information extracted during movement execution – the late proportion of the QE – is critical when golf putting. The results challenge the predominant view that the QE serves only a pre-programming function. We propose that the different proportions of the QE (before and during movement) may serve different functions in supporting accuracy in golf putting.     

考虑遮挡的视频车辆跟踪

为了对遮挡情况下的运动车辆进行跟踪,提出一种基于分块的车辆跟踪算法。该算法将目标车辆以可重叠的方式划分为若干大小一致的子块。在分块的基础上估计所有子块的运动矢量,检测噪声运动矢量并进行调整,以减少运动矢量估计的误差,然后对子块进行移位以实现车辆跟踪。为了处理车辆间的遮挡现象建立了马尔可夫随机场描述子块之间的关系,利用欧氏距离定义块的邻域,并基于块的直方图构建能量函数,最后利用模拟退火法对能量函数进行优化,以对遮挡区域进行分割。实验结果表明,该算法能够对遮挡车辆进行准确跟踪。     

基于点云的典型地貌全局光渲染方法的改进及实现

针对典型地貌全局光渲染中的重点问题:环境遮挡以及色溢的渲染效率和效果,提出光线追踪、光能传递以外的另一种改进方法——点云计算方式。分析了点云算法的原理、特点和优越性,选取张家界石英砂岩峰林地貌三维模型作为样本,测试和比较了光线追踪和点云计算方法的实际效果,实验表明点云计算方式有更高的效率和更好的表现效果,论文也为其他典型地貌的全局光渲染提供了可行的制作方案和流程。     

最小软阈值和连续概率奇异值的跟踪算法

针对目标跟踪中IVT(Incremental visual tracking)算法对遮挡问题比较敏感,1算法计算量大的缺点,将PCA(Principal Component Analysis)子空间假定为具有高斯噪声和拉普拉斯噪声,同时引入二进制值以排除遮挡因素,提出了基于最小软阈值和连续概率奇异值的目标跟踪算法。实验结果表明,新算法对光照、遮挡、尺度变化等因素具有较强的鲁棒性。     

古代藏书楼封闭之原因刍议

封闭性是古代藏书楼的主要特征，文章从图书数量、读者群、藏书家和社会环境四个方面分析其封闭性产生的原因。     

Interval exercise induces milder respiratory responses compared to continuous exercise

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to explore the respiratory response of acute interval and continuous exercise (CE) of low and high intensity. Fourteen recreational athletes (7 men and 7 women; VO₂max = 35.7 ± 6.1 mlkg^–1min^–1) performed a bout of continuous and a bout of interval exercise (IE) both consisted of 5-min cycling at low intensity [80% of the power output (W) of the predetermined gas exchange threshold (GET) (80%W_GET)] and 5-min cycling at high intensity {W_GET plus the work rate corresponding to 50% of the difference between peak power output (PPO) at oxygen uptake (VO₂max) test and the W_GET [W_GET + 0.50 Δ(PPO – W_GET)]}. CE compared to IE induced significant higher heart rate and ventilation as well as significant higher levels of mouth occlusion pressure for 0.1 s (P_0.1) (P < 0.05) during low and high intensities. Our results indicate that CE stimulates respiration more than IE when the exercise is performed at the same relative intensity.     

Identifying the Critical Time Period for Information Extraction When Recognizing Sequences of Play

We analyzed the effect of an 8-week strength training (ST) program on the rate of force development (RFD) and electromyographic activity (EMG) in older women. Seventeen women (M age = 63.4 years, SD = 4.9) without previous ST experience were randomly assigned to either a control (n = 7) or training (n = 10) group. A leg-press isometric test was used for assessment. ST (three sessions/ week, three sets of 10–12 repetition maximum, five different exercises) induced significant increases (p < .05) on peak RFD (48.4%) and on RFD and EMG of vastus medialis at time intervals of 0–50, 0–100, 0–150, and 0–200 ms (41.1–69.2% and 43.8– 64.3%, respectively). Therefore, ST resulted in favorable changes in neuromuscular responses in older women.     

在开放中实现对接——从新闻实务角度反思新闻教育改革

本文试图以一个新闻实务工作者的眼光来反思我国新闻学教育改革,并从新闻学内在要求、课程设置、新闻单位内在要求和新闻单位用人情况等多种角度来阐述我国新闻学教育存在的问题,认为我国新闻学教育相对自我封闭、自我运作。在此基础上,作者认为,要深化新闻学教育改革,必须向社会现实开放,向其他学科开放,向新闻单位开放。