Modelling the long-run learning impact of the Covid-19 learning shock: Actions to (more than) mitigate loss

This paper uses a calibrated “pedagogical production function” model to estimate the potential long-term losses to children’s learning from the temporary shock of Covid-19 related school closures. It then models possible gains from two mitigation strategies. Without mitigation, children could lose more than a full year’s worth of learning from a three-month school closure because they will be behind the curriculum when they re-enter school and will fall further behind as time goes on. Remediation when children return to school reduces the long-term learning loss by half, but still leaves children more than half a year behind where they would have been with no shock. Remediation combined with long-term reorientation of curriculum to align with children’s learning levels fully mitigates the long-term learning loss due to the shock and surpasses the learning in the counterfactual of no shock by more than a full year’s worth of learning. Systems need to begin planning now for remediation programmes, and as they do so they should build programmes and train teachers in ways that can continue to produce benefits beyond the period immediately following reopening.     

试论田径运动中的速度

采用生物力学原理分析了田径运动成绩与运动这间的关系。认为田径运动成绩虽然表现在时间、高度和远度上，但实质是个速度问题。只有获得高的运动速度，才能有高水平的运动成绩。并进一步总结出与成绩关系最为紧密的3种速度，即跑的后蹬速度，起跳速度和器械出手速度。分析了速度产生的原因以及创造和保持高速度运动的条件。     

老年人健身模式中力量训练的必要性与可行性研究

力量训练是老年人体育健身的重要问题,分析了力量锻炼对老年人健康的影响以及老年人加强力量素质的意义,阐述了不同肌肉力量指标对老年人健康生活的作用,揭示了肌肉离心收缩在老年人力量锻炼中的优越性,旨在为老年人体育健身提供可借鉴的理论依据。     

论南拳运动员的速度力量训练

南拳的核心是劲力,没有速度就不会有劲力的体现,而要提高速度,增强速度力量是关键措施之一,文章从训练实践角度,并结合理论,较全面地分析了南拳运动员速度力量训练的重要性,并对如何提高南拳运动员的速度力量提出几点建议.     

Should Children Attend Their Parent's Funerals?

The paper discusses elements of the findings of 'Iceberg', a doctoral study at the University of York addressing many issues of child bereavement through a retrospective study of nearly one hundred individuals who had either experienced the death of a parent when they were at school, or were the surviving parent of such a child. The research revealed issues of lack of control and information for children after a parental death. Forty-seven per cent of those in the study attended the funeral of their parent. There was correlation between the age of children and attendance at the funeral. Of the fifty-three per cent of children not attending, twenty-four per cent of them were forbidden to attend, whilst eleven per cent of them were distracted from attending the funeral, such as being sent to school or a neighbours and being unaware that it was taking place. None of the children attending the funeral reported any negative experiences, and two thirds of them reported it as a positive or helpful event. In contrast, over three-quarters of those not attending later wished that they had. Over a third had feelings of regret, others feeling that they had been excluded from the family at the time of the death, and felt anger, hurt, and frustration. The conclusion was that the best strategy is to give children informed choice about whether or not to attend. If children do attend a negative outcome seems unlikely, but it would be prudent to prepare them as to what to expect at the ceremony.     

构建高校三级跳远运动员训练模式探究

在多年实践的基础上 ,对高校三级跳远运动员的训练进行剖析 ,确认训练应以技术训练为核心 ,以运动员个人特点为训练基础 ,以及正确处理力量素质训练与技术训练的关系 ,技术训练中的负荷问题 ,提出适合高校三级跳远训练的模式 ,并进行了理论上的探索     

力量锻炼在控制体重中的作用机理初探

力量与力量耐力是健康体适能的重要组成成分。研究表明，力量锻炼在控制体重中的作用机理主要是通过以下两种途径实现的：一是增加安静时的能量代谢率；二是增加脂肪氧化。建议人们，要获得最佳健康并有效控制体重，应将有氧运动与力量锻炼相结合。     

肌肉功能与衰老

肌肉功能的退化是生命衰老的一种表现，是体内多种生命过程变化的结果。除了肌肉本身的老化以外，神经中枢的活动特点，激素的分泌特征和身体的行为改变都可能影响肌肉功能的退化。大量实验结果显示，运动训练可以保持老年人的肌肉功能和延缓其退化。     

关注教师的教育情感

作者对目前教师教育情感的失落作了简要描述,以期引起重视。     

第28届奥运会中国男子体操的优势与不足

采用录像统计法、访问法和文献资料法,系统分析了中国男子体操的优势与不足:中国体操总体实力下滑,难度编排与日、美相当,但缺乏新意;而优势项目失误、弱项扣分太多、强项积分不够高及小将心理素质不过硬等因素,是中国男团雅典失利的主要原因;强化强项技术细节、完善弱项难度及技术完成规格等,是中国男子体操发展的方向。