我国大城市选择承办国际体育大赛的策略思考

我国大城市选择承办国际体育大赛,应坚持如下基本策略:继续坚持增强中西民族认同感和推进城市国际化进程的主导方向;政府的干预要与市场导向相结合,并适时地降低政府干预力度;正确认识奥运会、世界杯的落户规律,适时提出申办请求;承办单项的、纯商业性的赛事,推进体育产业化发展。     

第39届世界体操锦标赛夺金因素分析及展望

通过对中国体操队勇夺八金制胜因素的分析和研究,对第39届世界锦标赛操比赛结果进行分析,探讨当今世界竞技体操运动的发展趋势,剖析中国体操队的现状,为我国体操队制定运动训练和比赛计划提出建议,为备战2008年北京奥运会提供一些参考依据.     

Motivations and solution appropriateness in crowdsourcing challenges for innovation

Crowdsourcing challenges are fast emerging as an effective tool for solving complex innovation problems. The main strength of the crowdsourcing model is that it brings together a large number of diverse people from all over the world to focus on solving a problem. This openness, however, results in a large number of solutions that are not appropriate, and this inhibits organizations from leveraging the value of crowdsourcing efficiently and effectively. It is therefore essential to identify ways to increase the appropriateness of solutions generated in a crowdsourcing challenge. This paper takes a step towards that by exploring what motivates the crowd to participate in these challenges and how these motivations relate to solution appropriateness. Drawing on data from InnoCentive, one of the largest crowdsourcing platforms for innovation problems, this paper shows that the various types of motivation driving crowd members to participate were related in different ways to the appropriateness of the solutions generated. In particular, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation were positively related to appropriateness whereas for learning and prosocial motivation the relationship was negative. The association between social motivation and appropriateness was not significant. The results have important implications for how to better design crowdsourcing challenges.     

Match-Fixing in Cornish Wrestling during the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries

Abstract

During the first half of the nineteenth century, Cornish wrestling, which was distinctive to Cornwall, was the county’s most popular sport, with a large number of wrestlers competing for lucrative prizes at numerous tournaments and watched by thousands of spectators. Its popularity also extended to London, where sporting entrepreneurs, mainly publicans, organized and promoted wrestling in the Cornish style, when the best wrestlers were lured to the capital to compete for large prizes, witnessed by substantial crowds, which often included members of the nobility. During the second half of the nineteenth century, Cornish wrestling suffered a serious decline in popularity with fewer wrestlers, tournaments, and spectators. By 1900 the sport had almost died out and only survived due to the efforts of a small group of talented wrestlers who inspired a minor revival in the years leading up to 1914. One factor that contributed to the decline was the practice of ‘faggoting’, which was a form of match-fixing that involved wrestlers agreeing with opponents to share any prize money. Consequently, the sport developed a bad reputation and became very unpopular with spectators. In order to eradicate the practice, wrestling organizers issued regular warnings to wrestlers or excluded them from tournaments.     

淘汰制竞赛的"轮空"问题研究

针对淘汰制竞赛现行轮空分配办法所存在的缺陷 ,依据淘汰轮空分配的基本原则 ,本研究设制出了新的《轮空位置表》。改革后的《轮空位置表》不仅克服了现行轮空分配办法的缺陷 ,而且解决了“抢号位置”的设置问题     

“You’re the best around”: an argument for playoffs and tournaments

Recent articles, including those by Dixon and Torres and Hager, criticize tournament playoffs, primarily for reasons of fairness and integrity. Many suggest that playoff and tournament prominence reflect monetary and entertainment interests rather than the pursuit of athletic excellence. Nevertheless, tournament playoffs are increasingly popular. While the concerns are serious, in this paper I defend the overlooked value of playoffs and tournaments. Playoff critics employ too narrow a conception of the best team and too limited a view of excellence. Rather, playoffs and seasons highlight distinct and valuable conceptions of athletic excellence. To better capture this, I consider two alternative championship formats: the hybrid system and championship pluralism. The hybrid system includes a playoff informed by the regular season. Despite its apparent advantages, I reject the hybrid approach. Instead, I propose championship pluralism as a preferred championship model.     

我国优秀散打运动员成就动机状况研究

采用美国迈拉宾的"成就倾向个体差异问卷",对参加2002年"泰山杯"全国散打锦标赛和"坚美铝材杯"全国武术散打冠军赛的60名男子运动员进行了测试。结果表明:高水平的散打运动员成就动机弱化现象较严重,且与文化水平有密切关系。     

2011年欧洲女篮锦标赛分析研究

通过比较分析2011年欧洲女篮锦标赛的技术统计数据后发现：欧洲女篮参赛球队的实力差距不大、防守水平高.强队的基本特征仍是身材高大、经验丰富.比赛中,防守能力强、内线优势明显的球队获胜的概率更高.而在实力相当的高水平比赛中,外围远投能力成为影响比赛胜负的重要因素.     

竞赛图谱半径的一个可达上界

利用竞赛图的邻接矩阵的特性，给出了竞赛图的邻接谱谱半径的一个可达上界，设D为n阶竞赛图，则其邻接谱谱半径ρ(D)≤n-1/2，当n为奇数时，上式取得等号当且仅当D为n-1/2出度正则(人度正则)；当n为偶数时，不等式严格成立。     

2015年全国大学生空手道锦标赛赛况分析

通过数据统计法、文献资料法和访谈法,对2015年全国大学生空手道锦标赛进行全方位的赛况分析。得出:1)组手比赛中,运动员的技术水平总体有所提高,主要使用的得分技术还是1分技术的中段击和上段击,3分技术的上段击和2分的中段击使用数量增加,但是效果不佳,源于运动员力度把握不够,击打效果不明显或是动作过激;战术水平环节相对比较薄弱,技术水平较弱的运动员总是被技术稍高的对手掌控着局势,战术意识混乱,还需要运动员和教练员在平时训练中注重培养运动员"制人而不制于人"的战术意识,制造有利制胜的态势,掌握主动权。2)型的比赛人数相对较少,大多数运动员使用的是指定型拔塞大(糸东流)与慈恩(松涛流),且运动员的技术水平层出不穷。3)本次的裁判委员会共34人,队伍配置全面且合理,裁判员水平较往年整体水平有所提高。中国的教练员和运动员任重而道远,需要在以后加强训练,不断学习勇攀高峰,提高技、战术的全面性。