Comparing cumulative index and factor analytic approaches to measuring maltreatment in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health

Child maltreatment is a complex and multifaceted construct in need of advanced statistical techniques to improve its measurement. The current study compared the predictive utility of a cumulative index to a factor analytic approach for constructing a measure of maltreatment. Data were from Waves III and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Wave III: n = 14,800; Wave IV: n = 12,288). As adults, participants retrospectively reported on their childhood experiences of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, supervisory neglect, and social services investigations. Both the cumulative index and a two-factor solution showed evidence of convergent validity, predicting lifetime incidence of homelessness, being paid for sex, and various measures of running away or living apart from biological parents, and prospectively predicting depression, substance use, and criminal behavior. The latent variables, derived from a factor analytic approach, had greater explanatory power for many outcomes compared to the cumulative index, even when controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results suggest that factor analysis is a better methodology than a cumulative index for measuring maltreatment in large datasets when explanatory power for external outcomes is of greatest concern.     

Carnosine in health and disease

Abstract

Carnosine was originally discovered in skeletal muscle, where it exists in larger amounts than in other tissues. The majority of research into the physiological roles of carnosine have been conducted on skeletal muscle. Given this and the potential for muscle carnosine content to be increased with supplementation, there is now a large body of research examining the ergogenic effects (or otherwise) of carnosine. More recent research, however, points towards a potential for carnosine to exert a wider range of physiological effects in other tissues, including the brain, heart, pancreas, kidney and cancer cells. Taken together, this is suggestive of a potential for carnosine to have therapeutic benefits in health and disease, although this is by no means without complication. Herein, we will provide a review of the current literature relating to the potential therapeutic effects of carnosine in health and disease.     

我国男子撑竿跳高运动现状及运动员专项能力模式训练的可行性研究

本文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法 ,对我国男子撑竿跳高运动发展状况进行研究 ,并从体能训练的角度对运动员专项能力模式训练的可行性进行了论证。     

对《体育与健康》课程学习和成绩评定的理论研究

本文以《体育与健康》新课程为主线,为如何建构体育教育中的学生学习评价和成绩评定体系提出了一些看法和意见。其目的是为了进一步深化体育教学改革,提高体育教学质量,提供理论依据。     

校体联合——过渡时期高水平运动队的办学模式

运用文献资料法和逻辑法,分析对比了中、美办高水平运动队的状况,认为我国大部分普通高校尚未完全具备办高水平运动队的条件,与体工队联合办队是过渡时期普通高校办高水平运动队的较好模式,并对这种办学方法提出了一系列建议,以期为健全我国高校高水平运动队办学模式提供一定的参考依据。     

当代体育教学模式内在结构探讨

运用文献资料法、逻辑思维法对当代体育教学模式的结构进行了探讨。结果认为：体育教学指导思想是制定体育教学模式的方向盘，它起了决定性作用；教学对象、教学内容是制定教学模式的前提；教学方法是实现教学模式目标的途径；实践中的效果则是教学模式优劣的最终评判标准。     

普通高校保健体育课现状调查及对策分析

本文对西安市部分(20所)高蒋及学生(随机抽取陕西师大99级、2000绵学生437名及已经参加体育保健班的学生患者的12 5%,并且只有24 5%的参加者认为现行保健班参自己的康复有作用。开设保健班的高校仅占80%,并且教学上有欠规范,教学内容缺乏针对性,师资达不要求。结论:高校保健康复体育教学的改革势在必行。     

Managing Health Care in Oregon: The Search for a Civic Bioethics

Managed health care deliberations in Oregon point to a "civic bioethics" model to resolve allocation issues through publicly articulated community values and priorities that influence legislative action. Communication practices in the Oregon experiment provide data to develop an evaluative framework to assess public moral deliberation in value-laden contexts such as health care distribution. The Oregon experience also points to dialogical virtues to heighten citizens' ethical sensibilities and political will, discursive tools to inform ethical communication practices in a civic bioethics model.     

21世纪普通高校体育教育前景展望

本文通过对 2 1世纪普通高校体育教育前景的研究分析 ,发现在新世纪高校体育教育面临着多种挑战 ,高校体育教育要发展就必须紧跟时代发展的步伐 ,高校体育健康教育改革必须是全方位的进行。     

齐海峰竞技成绩的灰色关联分析及GM(1,N)动态协调模型的研究

采用文献资料法和灰色关联度分析法,对我国优秀男子十项全能运动员齐海峰1999-2002年十项全能的比赛成绩进行统计与分析,运用GM(1,N)动态协调模型对其在总成绩不断提高的各个阶段诸因素间相互联系、相互影响的辩证发展关系进行多方位、多层次研究。结果表明:100米跑、铅球和跳远是影响齐海峰专项成绩的关键因素,其关联度分别为0.8928、0.7443和0.7571,研究还发现,齐海峰在成绩提高的每一个阶段中,系统处于不稳定和非协调发展,其中速度和速度——力量性项目落后是导致系统不稳定和非协调发展的主要因素。