皮划艇运动员膳食营养调查与评价

经连续五天称重法进行的膳食营养调查发现，我省皮划艇运动员（男性）以膳食中实际获得的营养素跟供给量标准比较，总热量与各营养素的摄入量除维生素Ａ不足（仅占标准的７８．１％）外，其余均超标；三大热能营养素的比例不尽合理（蛋白质２０６．９克，脂肪１７１．５克，碳水化物７０２克分别占总热量的１６％、２９．８％和５４．２％），脂肪量偏高，碳水化合物相对不足。建议在食谱中增加主食、减少脂肪，同时补充维生素Ａ，从而保证皮划艇运动员能得到合理的营养。     

A case of IgA multiple myeloma: Nutritional perspective in diagnostic testing

A 64-year-old security guard and longstanding known hypertensive presented with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), weight loss, an enlarged prostate, and a spontaneously fractured rib. Malignancy of the prostate with possible metastases to the ribs was strongly suspected. Biochemical profiling revealed a paraprotein. Other biochemical and hematological correlates that were on hand before serum protein electrophoresis were rather atypical. Paraprotein studies by immunofixation revealed IgA myelomatosis. Unlike previous reports from Caucasians there was normocalcaemia, normal protein level, microcytic hypochromia, low MCHC, cholesterol level at the lower limit of the reference range and normal urea level (in the face of markedly raised creatinine level). Nutritional modulation of the classical laboratory features of this disease may account for the fairly atypical laboratory picture. The need to appreciate the influence of nutritional status on the laboratory (especially biochemical) features of a disease and thus interpretation of diagnostic tests appears of exceptional current importance, given the widening gap in socioeconomic status and the level of poverty between the resource poor and developed countries from which the classical, clinical and laboratory features of most diseases were first described. This case report reminds of the need not only to recognize theoretically the impact of nutritional status on the laboratory characteristics of a disease but of the practical application of the nutritional perspective in the interpretation of diagnostic investigations, especially in nutritionally disadvantaged communities.     

四川省地震灾区婴幼儿营养监测状况分析

作者通过对四川省青川县和彭州市两个地震灾区6-24个月龄婴幼儿健康状况的统计分析,发现该地区生长发育状况不佳,存在营养不良现象,其中贫血率较高。经过对比进行营养包6个月干预后的人群统计分析,发现营养状况稍得到改善,其中彭州市目标人群贫血改善明显,由此提出面对四川其它或其它类似贫困地震地区,由于贫困,天灾必然加剧受灾人群的营养状况,特别是贫血率状况,针对这些地区的求援,必须紧迫加强营养包的干预,而且需要持续性的干预,比较可靠的预算应该在灾难期6个月以上方有一定的作用,同时必要的管理措施有利于保证营养干预对象的稳定性,提高营养干预的有效性的。     

A Review on Salivary Genomics and Proteomics Biomarkers in Oral Cancer

Oral cancer has emerged as an alarming public health problem with increasing incidence and mortality rates all over the world. Therefore, the implementation of newer screening and early detection approaches are of utmost importance which could reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Sensitive and specific biomarkers for oral cancer are likely to be most effective for screening, diagnosis, staging and follow-up for this dreaded malignancy. Unlike other deep cancers, oral cancer is located in oral cavity. Hence, the direct contact between saliva and oral cancer lesion makes the measurement of tumor markers in saliva an attractive alternative to serum and tissue testing. The DNA, RNA and protein molecules derived from the living cancer cells can be conveniently obtained from saliva. Thus, salivary biomarkers, a non-invasive alternative to serum and tissue-based biomarkers may be an effective modality for early diagnosis, prognostication and monitoring post therapy status. In the current post-genomic era, various technologies provide opportunities for high-throughput approaches to genomics and proteomics; which have been used to evaluate altered expressions of gene and protein targets in saliva of oral cancer patients. The emerging field of salivary biomarkers has great potentials to prove its clinical significance to combat oral cancer. Hence, we have reviewed importance of several salivary genomics and proteomics biomarkers for oral cancer.     

学龄前儿童食品的研究[Ⅱ]——幼儿食品的研究

阐述了学龄前儿童的营养需求特点.分析了我国学龄前儿童的营养现状及存在的问题,探讨了学龄前儿童营养食品的研究与开发.     

Nutritional and microbiological evaluations of chocolate-coated Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) fruit for commercial use

In recent years, China has become an increasingly important and the largest chestnut producer in the world. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional value and microbiological quality of the roasted freeze-dried Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) (RFDC) coated with dark chocolate (DCC) and milk chocolate (MCC) for industrial use and commercial consumption.Chocolate coating significantly improved the nutritional value of chestnut. RFDC had high levels of starch (66.23%) and fibers (3.85%) while DCC and MCC contained significantly high amounts of sucrose, protein, fat and minerals. Furthermore, the protein content doubled in MCC rather than in DCC. This could be attributed to the different formulations in the two products. Milk powder and whey protein constituted the source of protein in MCC while cocoa powder added to MCC formulation constituted an additional source of minerals. The amino acid profile showed differences in amino acid composition related to the sample's protein content, indicating their good nutritional quality. The moisture contents in all RFDC, DCC and MCC were suitable for industrial processing. These results provide information about the additional nutrients of chocolate-coated chestnut and confirm that the product is an interesting nutritional food. The combination of freeze-drying and chocolate-coating generally results in greater reductions on microbiological loads, extending shelf life of harvested chestnut for commercial application. This is an alternative strategy to add value to chestnut, minimizing the significant losses in harvested fruits and providing a wider range of choices of new products to the consumer disposal.     

花样游泳训练的科研监测和营养恢复措施探讨

随着竞技体育日趋激烈的竞争,训练的科学监控和营养辅助措施已广泛应用于国家及省市专业运动队.本文结合花样游泳运动的项目特点,分析了血红蛋白,肌酸激酶,血乳酸,血尿素等常用生化指标对花样游泳训练监控的作用,同时有针对性的补充营养强力剂,并观察对监控指标和运动能力的影响,探讨和摸索出适合花样游泳项目训练的科研监测指标,建立适合花样游泳项目代谢特点的营养补充架构,为运动队科研保障工作提供参考.     

体育学院体育教育专业与普通院校男大学生膳食调查分析与对比

采用24小时膳食记录并结合称重法,连续三天调查体育院校体育教育系134名和普通院校71名男大学生的膳食状况。结果显示,两校男大学生的膳食结构中蔬菜水果摄入过低,体院男大学生能量的摄入总能量相对不足;两校男学生的蛋白质摄入量均达到中国居民膳食营养素推荐摄入量(RNI)的80%以上,满足总量要求,但优质蛋白质摄入不足,同时体院男学生蛋白质总量摄入相对不足;两校男学生的钙摄入量严重不足,维生素A在普通院校、维生素C在体育院校男生中摄入不足;两校男学生的三餐能量分配不合理。由此可以看出,两校男大学生膳食状况差别不大,结构均不合理,优质蛋白质及钙的摄入量过低,尤其体育专业学生问题更为严重,突出表现在体育专业学生膳食总能量相对不足,蛋白质摄入总量相对不足,不能满足机体的活动需求。