桑提亚哥的“巫术与神话”：对《老人与海》捕鱼“真实性”的一种发现

《老人与海》中故事的背景无疑是现代的,因此长期以来的阐释、解读、批评基本上都落实在现代文明的土壤上。从文学人类学视角对文本进行解读,桑提亚哥捕鱼时始终依赖＂巫术与神话＂,这是某种原始情感在现代人头脑中典型的潜在绵延,它通过简单语言（说话）得以实现,奠定了捕鱼的全部＂真实性＂。     

Using argumentation as a learning strategy to improve student performance in engineering Statics

ABSTRACT

Research suggests that a significant reason that a large number of students earn low grades in the fundamental engineering science course Statics is that they may be entering the course with incorrect conceptual knowledge of mathematics and physics. The self-explanation learning approach called collective argumentation helps k-12 students to understand their misconceptions of mathematical principles that often appear abstract to them. This study investigated collective argumentation as an instructional approach that helps engineering students identify and correct their misconceptions of topics taught in Statics. Results suggest that argumentation improves student performance as measured by grades earned on semester exams. Survey and focus group results suggest that students did not understand the argumentation process. Therefore, the students did not like using it as a learning approach.     

一种伸缩杆-水平滑块式并联机器人运动学及静力学计算

文章介绍了一种伸缩杆-水平滑块式三自由度并联机器人机构，根据该机构的结构建立了其运动学方程导出其雅可比矩阵，并对该机构的静力学方程进行了推导。该机器人机构运动学方程正、逆解均具有显式解；其雅可比矩阵在工作空间内不存在奇异点；具有三个平动方向的运动自由度，是一种具有实用价值的机器人机构。     

柔韧素质的重要性及训练要点

学生喜欢体育锻炼,但往往忽视基础素质训练。人的柔韧素质对掌握体育技能至关重要。没有柔韧性,不可能顺利准确地完成运动项目所要求的动作。所以应大力加强柔韧素质训练,训练时要注意循序渐进、强度适中、动静结合、整体训练等几个方面。     

高校公共体育课准备活动操的教学改革实验研究——伸展体操在体育课准备活动中的运用

将伸展体操运用到高校的公共体育课准备活动中,通过文献资料法、实验法、问卷调查法、数理统计等方法进行研究,旨在更好地激发学生的练习热情,对主教材的学习和掌握有良好的促进作用,有效的提高教学质量。结果表明,通过伸展体操的运用,使学生的身体素质和主教材的成绩都得到提高,取得了良好的教学效果。     

Reliability and validity of field-based measures of leg stiffness and reactive strength index in youths

Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the reliability of a mobile contact mat in measuring a range of stretch–shortening cycle parameters in young adolescents. Additionally, vertical leg stiffness using contact mat data was validated against a criterion method using force–time data. The reliability study involved 18 youths completing a habituation and three separate test sessions, while 20 youths completed a single test session for the validity study. Participants completed three trials of a squat jump, countermovement jump, and maximal hopping test and a single trial of repeated sub-maximal hopping at 2.0 Hz and 2.5 Hz. All tests were performed on the contact mat. Reliability statistics included repeated-measures analysis of variance, intraclass correlation coefficient, and coefficient of variation (CV), while the correlation coefficient (r) and typical error of estimate (TEE) were reported for the validity study. Squat jump height was the most reliable measure (CV = 8.64%), while leg stiffness during sub-maximal hopping, and reactive strength index produced moderate reliability (CV = 10.17–13.93% and 13.98% respectively). Measures of leg stiffness obtained from contact mat data during sub-maximal hopping were in agreement with the criterion measure (r = 0.92–0.95; TEE = 6.5–7.5%), but not during maximal hopping (r = 0.59; TEE = 41.9%). The contact mat was deemed a valid tool for measuring stretch–shortening cycle ability in sub-maximal but not maximal hopping. Although reliability of performance was generally moderate, the tests offer a replicable assessment method for use with paediatric populations.     

康熙宫廷里的一缕机械论科学之光在华耶稣会士介绍温度计的另一著作

1669年,南怀仁制作了一架空气温度计进献给大清皇帝,并于1671年出版了《验气图说》一文,专门对该仪器的结构、用法和工作原理进行了简要说明。然而,在梵蒂冈教廷图书馆的入华耶稣会士档案中,却可以找到另外一部介绍温度计的手稿,题为《验气寒暑表说》。其中同时详细介绍了空气温度计和1657年之后发明的液体温度计的制作方法和工作原理,并且明确指出了空气温度计的缺陷。更重要的是,手稿中还系统引入伽利略到波义尔之间发展起来的气体静力学理论,完全是在新机械论物理学的基础上对温度计进行理论性讨论,与南怀仁借助于亚里士多德物理学,利用“自然厌恶真空”的概念来解释温度计工作原理的做法绝然不同。     

析前手翻动作技术,探长腰的技术价值

前手翻是技巧运动中的一个重要基础动作,不仅是男子体操各级运动员的动作之一,也是体育院、系体操教学大纲中的重要教学内容,其技术结构对教学而言相对比较复杂,教学中,如何抓住该动作的教学重点,突破难点,让学生在运动学原理基础上理解动作的技术要领,掌握动作的技术关键,将是该动作教学成功的保证,本文试图在这方面作些探讨与研究:     

静力性拉伸准备活动对提高散手运动员技术质量的研究

为了进一步提高散手选手的进攻与防守技术质量，在不增加技术教学时数的情况下，大胆改变原准备活动中的热身活动，采用静力拉伸练习，并辅之以相关的念动训练，使得准备活动能够更加紧密地与运动员攻防技术提高相联系，取得了较为满意的训练效果。     

NISSIAN系列车用CDROM支架的优化设计及随机疲劳分析

根据NISSIAN系列车用CDROM支架的结构设计模型和设计要求,建立了支架的静力学模型和有限元模型,通过对模型在规定试验载荷下的静力学和随机疲劳分析,说明了减少CDROM支架设计时的材料厚度不仅不影响产品的设计要求,而且还大大降低了产品的成本和实现了轻量化设计的要求,也提高了企业的实际经济效益。