数字人文视角:基于符号分析法的宋代政治网络可视化研究

数字人文的兴起引发了社会人文历史领域的广泛关注,海量的数据资源与新兴的数据分析技术为更高效和宏观地解决人文研究中长期存疑和讨论的主题提供了全新的思维范式。尽管有关数字人文的合理性仍存在诸多争议,但是数据驱动下的跨领域人文计算在人文主义重构活动深度与广度上所展现出的高效性已经被大量项目与实践所证明。本文以宋代政治为例,从数字人文视角出发,借助符号分析方法对哈佛大学“中国历代人物资料库”进行实证探索与可视化分析,结合已有的史学问题和相关观点,从宋代政治整体网络分布特征、核心人物的地位与结构拓扑以及不同时期宋代政治网络的时序政治关系演化模式三个层次,进行逐一分析与讨论,为研究宋代党争政治格局提供了一种新的思考方式,同时也展现了数字人文技术在人文历史领域研究中的可行性与巨大潜能。图8。表5。参考文献40。     

Teachers in school sports: between the fields of education and sport?

According to the cultural sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, gaining access to a social space or a position within a social space requires a specific capital. For teachers, this is normally indicated by a valid teaching certificate with relevant subject knowledge. However, when no qualified teachers are available, which is the case for the subject of school sports in Sweden, other assets gain recognition. Drawing on Bourdieu's conceptual framework, this paper examined the conditions for school sports in Sweden, and based on questionnaires answered by 109 teachers, explored the competencies, education and backgrounds teachers in upper secondary school sports possess. The paper address the question: what valuable resources are required to become a teacher of school sports and gain recognition as symbolic capital? The results show that while school sports in Sweden are carried out through a school subject and thus regulated by the government, it is influenced by both the fields of education and sport. Furthermore, the questionnaire results show that a majority of the teachers are employed as coaches instead of teachers and that less than half of them (45%) have a teacher education background, while 95% have a coaching education background. However, the results also show that teachers assessed their competencies for teaching school sports as high, especially with regard to competencies in specific sport skills. In conclusion, this paper shows how coaching education and experience in competitive sports are an important resource required to become a teacher in school sports and is thus recognized as symbolic capital. Therefore, school sports cannot be viewed as a legitimate part of the field of education but can be viewed as a part of the field of sport.     

《野草》实为爱情作证

鲁迅的《野草》是一部具有神秘色彩的象征主义散文诗集。发表方式的独特,出书编序的慎重,隐晦难懂的意蕴,说明《野草》的创作有别于《呐喊》和《彷徨》。鲁迅似乎并不在意读者懂不懂,但《野草》却是鲁迅的最爱。鲁迅一再申明,他并不希望青年读他的《野草》,《野草》只属于他自己。真正走进《野草》的艺术世界,才发现这部诗集实为爱情讴歌,为爱情作证。其实,《野草》是一部具有象征意蕴的爱情散文诗集。     

巴蜀文化的特征及其研究意义

本文总结了巴蜀文化的始源性、区域性、古吏难微性、兼容性的特征。并简要谈论研究巴蜀文化的三点意义。     

Convergent designs in fine fashion: An evolutionary model for stylistic innovation

In this paper we propose and test an evolutionary model of stylistic innovation, that is the change in the aesthetic and symbolic elements of products and services. Style is an increasingly relevant phenomenon in many industries and our goal is to develop a model of how styles get introduced and adopted. We build on existent literature on technological change to frame the dynamics of how style changes across time. In the model we propose, companies face periods of ferment with relevant stylistic variations and periods of convergence on a single trend—that is the stylistic convergent design versus the technologic dominant design. We identify the drivers of convergence in stylistic innovation. We test the model with a longitudinal empirical study (1984-2002) in the fine fashion industry, explaining the main differences between a stylistic and a technological evolutionary model.     

期刊刊名的象征性与具实性

期刊刊名可分为具实性一类和象征性一类.具实性刊名,直指事物之本体、内核,内容确定而单一;而象征性刊名,是采用比喻、象征、借代、暗示等形象思维的手段对刊物所作的命名.两者各有优势,也各有局限.     

身份认同:青少年文化母题及其当代表征

身份认同作为青少年文化母题的基本内容,导源于青少年时期内在的特殊矛盾。与80前青少年相比,当代青少年在认同话语、认同方式、认同策略以及认同的基本价值内核等方面都呈现出明显的符号消费的特征。这与社会财富的空前增多,公民个人生活自主权的扩大、大众文化与传媒在当代青少年生活中的全面渗透,以及独生子女政策的实施等都有很大的关系。     

对情态和英语情态动词意义的新思考——个案研究以may为例

情态的研究由来已久,然而语言学界对这一概念的界定还未达成共识,出于为英语教学实践服务的目的,我们对情态的意义、形式分类尝试性地进行了探讨,并以"may"为例,进行了详细的情态意义分析,以帮助学习者提高对情态系统以及情态词语复杂意义的认识。     

Boundary-Work in the Health Research Field: Biomedical and Clinician Scientists’ Perceptions of Social Science Research

Funding agencies in Canada are attempting to break down the organizational boundaries between disciplines to promote interdisciplinary research and foster the integration of the social sciences into the health research field. This paper explores the extent to which biomedical and clinician scientists’ perceptions of social science research operate as a cultural boundary to the inclusion of social scientists into this field. Results indicated that cultural boundaries may impede social scientists’ entry into the health research field through three modalities: (1) biomedical and clinician scientists’ unfavourable and ambivalent posture towards social science research; (2) their opposition to a resource increase for the social sciences; and (3) clinician scientists procedural assessment criteria for social science. The paper also discusses the merits and limitations of Tom Gieryn’s concept of boundary-work for studying social dynamics within the field of science.

自“名”而“动” 由“人”及“物”——中国古代“媒介”概念的意义变迁

本文运用历史语义学方法,考察了媒介这一传播学关键词在古代中国的意义变迁过程,发现其最早见于西晋杜预的《春秋经传集解》,而非国内传播学教材中普遍认为的《旧唐书》。它最早的意思是媒人和引荐者,该词义在历史文献中一直延续下来,反映了古代中国人在人际传播中对于仪式感的重视。到晚清,媒介的词义发生变化:一是增加了动词的词性,并开始指代更宽泛意义的介绍人;二是超越了指代人的范畴,开始指代起连接、交流作用的事物。这种变化反映了人们传播观念的变化,其原因主要是封建社会的解体和外来文化的进入,这也导致了现代意义中的媒介概念在近代文献中的出现。