自洁净玻璃的研究综述

文章根据近年来国内外对自洁净玻璃的研究现状,对自洁净玻璃的研制方法、步骤进行了说明,对自洁净玻璃表面纳米氧化物薄膜的制备方法的研究进展状况进行了综述,并对其优缺点进行了比较。     

Modeling water and carbon fluxes above summer maize field in North China Plain with back-propagation neural networks

INTRODUCTION Dynamics of carbon and water vapor fluxesexchange between the atmosphere and the ecosystembiosphere, depend on complex and non-liner interplayamong physiological, ecological, biochemical andedaphic factors and meteorological conditions (Jarvis,1995; Leuning et al., 1995). There are many studiesquantifying the fluxes across different time and spacescales as well as assessing the environment con-straints on them by some kinds of biophysical orempirical models whose resul…     

氧弹法测定固体生物质燃料中氯含量的研究

试验了用氧弹法测定固体生物质燃料中氯含量的新方法,确定了最佳灰化条件.该方法操作简便、快捷、成本低,分析精度及准确度满足相关行业要求,值得进一步研究、推广.     

Fe^3＋掺杂TiO2可见光催化降解酸性红的研究

研究了在可见光条件下,用实验室合成的Fe3＋掺杂TiO2为催化剂催化降解酸性红染料,重点考察了Fe3＋的掺杂量、Fe3＋掺杂TiO2为催化剂的添加量、酸性红溶液的初始浓度、溶液pH值、光照时间对降解率的影响.实验结果表明,Fe3＋掺杂比为1.5%、催化剂用量为1.5 g/L、pH为2.0、质量浓度为40 mg/L的酸性红100 mL,用白炽灯光照降解酸性红30 min,酸性红降解率可达98.45%.     

Synthesis of TiO2 supported on activated carbon by MOCVD:operation parameters study

A novel metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique has been applied to the preparation of the photocatalytic titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon. The effects of various condition parameters such as carrier gas flow rate, source temperature and deposition temperature on the deposition rate were investigated. The maximum deposition rate of 8.2 mg/(g.h) was obtained under conditions of carrier gas flow rate of 400 ml/min, source temperature of 423 K and deposition temperature of 913 K. The deposition rate followed Arrhenius behavior at temperature of 753 K to 913 K, corresponding to activation energy Ea of 51.09 kJ/mol. TiO2 existed only in anatase phase when the deposition temperature was 773 K to 973 K. With increase of deposition temperature from 1073 K to 1273 K, the rutile content sharply increased from 7% to 70%. It was found that a deposition temperature of 773 K and a higher source temperature of 448 K resulted in finely dispersed TiO2 particles, which were mainly in the range of 10-20 nm.     

工业大气环境中钢混结构的腐蚀原理和阴极保护

钢筋锈蚀和影响钢筋锈蚀速度的原因是多样的,针对含氯离子的工业大气环境对钢筋锈蚀的影响,阐述了发生腐蚀的机理和影响因素,分析了钢混结构裂缝产生的原因,探讨了电化学腐蚀与一般腐蚀的区别.在此基础上提出了现有防治措施的不足,并重点介绍了阴极保护的方法,同时也对钢筋锈蚀后的修补与应用进行了进一步的探讨.     

莫尔法测定炼厂含硫污水中氯离子的含量

研究了兰州石化公司炼油厂300万/年重催烟气脱硫装置中含硫污水中氯离子含量的测定方法,现在炼厂采用莫尔法测定含硫污水中氯离子含量,测得结果偏大。因此,在莫尔法的基础上设计制定了预处理步骤,将影响氯离子测定的杂质离子转化为无影响的硫酸根离子。并对该分析方法的准确度和精密度进行了考察,结果表明该方法的准确度和精密度较好,可及时准确的配合生产分析。     

The carbon footprint of active sport participants

Researchers examining carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions (carbon footprint) in sport have focused on sport events and, to a lesser extent, sport teams, but provided only average or aggregate values. The author takes the perspective of active sport participants and considers the heterogeneity of individual sport participation behavior. Using online surveys, adult active sport participants (n = 6537) in 20 different sports with main residence in Germany were asked to report their sport-travel behavior in 2015, including traveling in the context of regular (weekly) activity, sport competitions/tournaments, league games, day trips, and training camps/vacations. Annual carbon footprints were estimated using information about travel distances and transportation means. The results revealed an average annual carbon footprint of 844 kg of carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions, with individual sports producing more emissions than team/racket sports. Participants in nature sports had the highest emission levels. Regression analyses revealed that environmental consciousness significantly reduced carbon footprint in individual sports, but not in team/racket and nature sports, supporting the existence of an environmental value-action gap. Activity years, club membership, weekly exercise hours, performance level, and income were mainly positively associated with annual carbon footprint, while gender was insignificant. The findings have implications for policy makers and managers in sport associations and clubs.     

全面建设小康社会的能源合理利用与CO2减排

与世界发达国家的比较,可以发现中国能源消费结构以煤为主,CO2排放总量大但人均量小,单位能耗的CO2排放指标偏高.21世纪头20年是中国全面建设小康社会的关键时期,在人口将继续增长、能耗规模继续增大、以煤为主的能源结构难以根本改变的情况下,如何实现CO2减排,是对中国的严峻挑战.借鉴发达国家的经验教训,该文提出优化产业结构,不断提高新技术产业和第三产业的比例;改善能源结构,提高水电、核能、太阳能及生物能等清洁能源比例;引进和开发能源环保技术,提高能源利用效率;以法律、政策和经济手段,促进能源合理利用和削减CO2的排放量的设想和对策.     

基于经济与排放效益的混合动力和纯电动公交车发展前景分析

以混合动力和纯电动公交车为研究对象,基于购置成本和使用成本构建全生命周期成本模型,利用GREET模型分析“油井到车轮”二氧化碳排放量,并与传统柴油公交车对比,分析50万公里名义寿命周期内乐观和保守两种情景下新能源公交车的发展前景.结果表明:在乐观情景下,纯电动公交车拥有最优的生命周期成本和二氧化碳减排量,较柴油车分别低37％和35％;在保守情景下,混合动力公交车拥有与柴油公交车持平的生命周期成本及较低的二氧化碳排放量,较同时期柴油车低30％,纯电动公交车的生命周期成本则远高于柴油车.未来10年混合动力公交车具备良好的应用前景,纯电动公交车则需要电源结构优化和电池技术突破之后才能显示较强的竞争力.