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1.
运动员睡眠质量及其相关因素的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
谭先明 《广州体育学院学报》2001,21(4):38-41
通过对运动员睡眠质量及其相关因素的研究 ,为运动员更好地改善睡眠状况 ,提高睡眠质量 ,保证训练或比赛顺利进行提供一些有价值的资料。以 16 3名运动员 (平均年龄为 2 0 81± 2 85岁 ,男 70人 ,女 93人 )为研究对象 ,采用“匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI)”等心理量表进行调查研究。研究发现 :(1)除“睡眠时间”、“催眠药物”、“日间功能”三项指标外 ,PSQI其它分析指标男女运动员之间存在着显著性差异 (P <0 0 5或 <0 0 1) ;(2 )比较分析发现 ,除“催眠药物”一个因子外 ,PSQI其余各项指标 ,运动员得分明显高过体院学生(P <0 0 1) ;(3)相关分析显示 ,除“催眠药物”外 ,PSQI其它各项指标与各项心理测试成分都存在着不同程度的相关 ;(4)逐步回归分析发现 ,在α =0 0 5水平上进入回归模型且具有显著性意义的因素是 :比赛失利、人际关系、APSC总分、ACL_90总分、人际敏感、焦虑、特质焦虑、支持利用度、内外压力。运动员的睡眠质量显著低于体院学生 ;女性运动员睡眠质量比男性运动员差 ;运动员睡眠质量与诸多心理因素密切相关 相似文献
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陈庆安 《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,23(1):24-27
罚金刑顺应了世界刑罚轻缓化的趋势,有效弥补了短期自由型的弊端,在我国人民财富积累渐多的今天,有适用的经济基础和思想条件。但罚金鱼 优势只有在单科时才能最大限度地发挥出来,而我国立法中有关罚金刑的规定大多为并科使用,单科罚金的使用量很少,这和世界发达国家罚金刑的适用现状是不相吻合的,也不利于罚金刑作用的发挥,故我国在立法和司法中应增大罚金刑的单科使用,同时为了弥补罚金刑单科使用时缺乏强制力的弊端,用罚金易科自由刑的方式来救济。 相似文献
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教育发展与教育均衡之间存在着悖论:随着我国教育的改革与发展,教育的规模、投入与数量持续扩张,但教育均衡程度与水平却在下降,甚至出现一定程度的恶化。这不仅是理论与逻辑上的推论,也是为我国教育实践所证明了的事实。产生此悖论的原因在于,在我国教育发展的当前阶段,由于参考群体的变化,人们产生了普遍的相对剥夺感,教育均衡或公平感走低,从而引致整个社会对教育不均衡现象的广泛批评。教育发展与教育均衡之间也呈现出经济学上的倒U型曲线关系,这从另一个侧面证明了教育发展与教育均衡之间悖论存在的合理性。 相似文献
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目的观察12周惯性哑铃练习对轻度认知损害(MCI)老年人认知功能、身体活动能力、生活质量和睡眠质量的影响,并探讨认知改善与其他功能改变之间的关系。方法将45名MCI老年人随机分为干预组(n=22)和对照组(n=23)。干预组受试者进行惯性哑铃练习(3次/周,60 min/次,持续12周),对照组不进行运动干预。结果 12周后,干预组受试者阿尔茨海默病评定量表-认知部分(ADAS-Cog)总分/指令得分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分、起立行走计时(TUG)和SF-36健康调查问卷(SF-36)心理总得分均显著改善(均P<0.05)。与对照组相比,干预组受试者ADAS-Cog总分/单词回忆得分/注意力得分、简明精神量表(MMSE)评分、TUG和匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)的改善程度均具有显著差异(P<0.05或P=0.05)。偏相关分析结果显示,SF-36心理总得分改变(r=-0.712)、PSQI改变(r=-0.380)与认知改善程度均呈显著负相关。结论 12周惯性哑铃练习可显著提高MCI老年人的认知功能,并对其移动能力、生活质量和睡眠质量具有积极影响,且心理和睡眠改变程度可能影响认知功能的改善效果。 相似文献
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Maddison J. Jones Brian Dawson Daniel F. Gucciardi Peter R. Eastwood Joanna Miller Shona L. Halson 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(8):864-870
The present study aimed to investigate pre-sleep behaviours (including evening electronic device use) and sleep quantity in well-trained athletes. Seventy well-trained athletes (44 females, 26 males) aged 21 ± 4 y from a range of team and individual sports were asked to complete an online sleep diary for 7 days. The sleep diary included questions about pre-sleep behaviours (e.g. napping, caffeine intake), electronic device use in the 2 h prior to bedtime (e.g. type of device and duration of use) and sleep (e.g. time in bed, sleep onset latency). On average, athletes spent 8:20 ± 1:21 h in bed each night. Associations between age, time in bed and sleepiness suggested that younger athletes spent more time in bed (B = -0.05, p = 0.001) but felt sleepier (r = -0.32, p < 0.01) than older athletes. On average, athletes mostly used electronic devices for 0–30 min prior to sleep. The use of multiple devices in the evening was associated with more perceived difficulty in falling asleep (B = 0.22, p = 0.03), but no associations existed with other sleep variables. In summary, younger athletes may require later start times or improved sleep quality to resolve excessive sleepiness. 相似文献
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Road criterium and track bicycle racing occur at high speeds, demand repeated high power outputs, last 10–90?min, and offer little chance for recovery after the event. Consecutive evenings of criterium and track racing are respectively known as speed-week or six-day events and take place in evening hours over the course of a week. Given the schedule and timing of these competitions, return to homeostasis can be compromised. No recommendations exist on how to optimize recovery for cyclists participating in these types of repeated evening competitions. Criterium and track cyclists spend considerable time, near and above the individual lactate threshold and therefore mostly utilize carbohydrate as their chief energy substrate. Henceforth, pre – and post-race nutrition and hydration is examined and recommendations are brought forward for carbohydrate, protein, and fluid intake. As evening high-intensity exercise perturbs sleep, strategies to optimize sleep are discussed and recommendations for an optimal sleep environment are given. Active recovery is examined, and the benefits of a short duration low intensity exercise reviewed. Passive recovery methods such as compression garments and cold water immersion are recommended, while evidence for massage, pneumatic compression devices, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation is still lacking. Optimizing recovery strategies will facilitate a return to the resting state following strenuous night competition. 相似文献
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《Cultural and Social History》2013,10(1):27-46
ABSTRACTThis article examines sleeping practices and their spiritual meanings in English society. Sleep is one of the most fundamental experiences of everyday life, and this article examines how its temporal and spatial dimensions were shaped by a wide range of confessional groups according to theologies of salvation and resurrection from 1660 to 1700. The practices, rituals and objects that surrounded and sanctified the bedside highlight distinctive forms of sleep-piety that were supported by shifts in the provision and use of domestic space, by the pastoral objectives of Church divines and dissenting ministers, and by a flourishing genre of published spiritual guides that promoted private household devotions. This comparative study of sleeping practices nuances existing historical narratives about the fragmented religious landscape of these years. Most importantly, however, it offers a justification of the centrality of pious sleeping routines to the everyday experience of devotional practice by tracing the ways in which religious beliefs were embodied through subjective physical performances of sleep. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):191-198
Abstract In the present study, we evaluated the duration of slow-wave sleep (Stage 3 and 4) and total delta power (< 3Hz) in all-night non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep electroencephalograms (EEGs) of athletes during normobaric hypoxia at simulated altitudes of 1500 m. Seven male athletes slept for two nights in a normoxic condition and one night in an hypoxic condition equivalent to an altitude of 1500 m. Whole-night polysomnographic recordings, thoracic and abdominal motion, nasal and oral airflow, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded. Visual sleep stage scoring and fast Fourier transformation analyses of EEG were performed using 30-s epochs. Mean and minimum SpO2 decreased significantly during sleep in the hypoxic condition. Between groups, changes in heart rate, respiratory disturbance measures including apnoea and hypopnoea, slow-wave sleep and total delta power of the all-night NREM sleep EEG were small and non-significant for the hypoxic condition. However, individual difference in time at an SpO2 below 90% were large in the hypoxic condition, and both slow-wave sleep and total delta power of all-night NREM sleep EEG decreased in three participants who spent a prolonged time below 90% SpO2. The present results suggest that monitoring time below 90% SpO2 is recommended when studying individuals' living-high schedule even under hypoxic conditions equivalent to an altitude of 1500 m. 相似文献