试论我国体育统计教材中基本概念定义的科学性

对我国现行体育统计教材分析研究,发现我国体育统计学科存在着不成熟和不规范的问题。突出表现为:许多基本概念的定义不统一和缺乏科学性。因而学生在学习体育统计时容易造成理解上的混乱,这也阻碍了体育统计学科的发展。本文对这些问题进行了初步探讨,对其中一些基表概念重新予以定义并对体育统计学科的发展。提出了若干建议。     

Taxonomy of quantities

The adjectives “generic”, “subgeneric”, “specific”, and “individual” are proposed to be added to the term “quantity”, depending on the case, in order to diminish the ambiguity of this term and to classify the different types of quantities.     

法律英语常见术语分类及解析

作为一种比较特殊的英语文体,法律英语要求用词准确,表意严谨。而法律英语术语是用来准确表达特有的法律概念的专门用语,是法律英语的精髓,并对于正确理解和应用法律英语起到关键作用。法律英语术语既与其它各类术语有着共性,但也有其特有的个性,根据其意义结构和语义范围可以把它归纳为法律专业术语、排他性专门涵义术语等八类。     

论“新诗”命名的合法性

“新诗”的命名是一个饶有意味的话题。它既接受了晚清维新派诗人“诗界革命”的启示,也从西方文学资源中汲取话语活力。“新诗”的命名暗含如下逻辑预设：“新诗”是“进步”的、充满希望的;而“旧诗”是腐朽的,死气沉沉的。在“新诗”的命名过程中,“旧诗”也相应地得到命名。这种命名行为获取一定话语空间之后,是更为展开的关于“新诗”观念的演绎。对“新”的价值的刻意强调,是这种演绎的核心内容。     

开发黄河水资源的新技术--傍河取水

用传统的地面水利工程,直接从多泥沙河流中取水,存在库区淤泥、水源脱流、水泵磨损、泥沙处理难度大与费用高、清淤占压土地与农田沙化等问题,不少引黄泵站和灌区陷入举步维艰、进退两难的境地。傍河打井取水,不仅能避免这些问题,而且能提高供水质量。但应注意控制开采强度,同时开展人工引黄回灌工作。     

Contrast in usage of FCAT‐approved anatomical terminology between members of two anatomy associations in North America

Almost 12 years since the publishing of Terminologia Anatomica (TA) by the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT), there has yet to be a unified adoption of FCAT‐recommended anatomical terms by North American anatomists. A survey was sent to members of the Human Anatomy & Physiology Society (HAPS) to compare the frequency of FCAT term usage with a previous study involving the American Association of Anatomists (AAA). The HAPS differed from AAA in being composed mostly of biologists (56.5%) who teach anatomy with only 18.3% of respondents having terminal degrees in anatomy. The survey included the same 25 sets of synonymic names for selected gross anatomical structures or related terms used for the AAA survey. Overall results indicate that the FCAT preferred term had the highest frequency of usage in only 40.0% of the survey questions, demonstrating 4% lower compliance than AAA respondents. Compliance with FCAT preferred terms ranged from 92.2% to 1.7% usage. When compared with AAA anatomists, there were reversals in predominant usage between FCAT and non‐FCAT terms for six sets of anatomical structures: HAPS respondents predominantly used non‐FCAT terms for adrenal gland (88.7%), antecubital fossa (57.4%), patellar tendon (65.2%), ligamentum capitis femoris (36.5%), while preferring the FCAT anterior circumflex humeral artery (45.2%) and anterior/posterior preferred over ventral/dorsal (41.7%). Almost 54% of HAPS anatomists were not familiar with the FCAT, nearly 21% higher than the AAA. Anat Sci Educ 3:25–32, 2010. © 2009 American Association of Anatomists.     

苏州园林命名之探微

苏州园林不仅以其卓越而精湛的造园技艺蜚声中外，同时其命名方式也有其独到的一面，既有表达所有者的人生志向者，也有贴切呈现园林景观视觉效果者。通过对园林命名这一活动中文化内涵的分析及归纳，试图揭示含义。     

中国地层标准化的建议——中国地层命名法规的建议

针对中国当前实际存在的地层标准化问题,鉴于1866年以来,已有的中国地层名称缺乏清理和管理,中国急需一部既具有标准化性质,又具有可操作性,同时还在哲学和科学概念上能与国际接轨的规范性文件.本法规正是为此而建议的,它不是现行的“中国地层指南”的补充或注释,而是“中国地层命名法规”的具体建议.     

NOMENs land: The place of eponyms in the anatomy classroom

The law of Non-Original Malappropriate Eponymous Nomenclature (NOMEN) states that no phenomenon is named after its discoverer. However, eponymous terms are rife in the anatomical and medical literature. In this viewpoint commentary, the authors discuss the history of anatomical eponyms, explain the additional cognitive load imposed by eponyms that can negatively impact student learning and explore the view that eponyms are “pale, male and stale” in the socially conscious 21st century. The authors probe two of the most common arguments used to keep eponyms in anatomy education: (1) clinicians use them because they are easy, and (2) eponyms remind us of anatomy's history. Educators, clinicians and students need to work together to progress this movement and bring a modern lens to this discussion. Based on the arguments presented in this commentary, the authors propose that eponyms should be removed from anatomy curricula, textbooks and have no place in the anatomy classroom.     

有机化合物命名规律探讨

探讨了有机化合物系统命名规则,并得出了有机化合物命名的一些简单规律.