颜色词在语言中的运用

本文以英汉两种语言中的几个主要颜色词为例,比较了它们在运用上的差异,并对英汉语言文化中颜色词的不对等现象作了一些分析。     

浅析如何正确评价“黄色新闻”

长期以来,由于对＂黄色新闻＂运作手法的诟病,传媒界很多学者对＂黄色新闻＂持全盘否定态度,本文拟通过对＂黄色新闻＂出现的社会历史背景及其对现代媒体的积极影响进行客观分析,从而对＂黄色新闻＂作出客观评价。     

不同品种黄鳝怀卵量的比较

分别检查深黄大斑鳝和青黄斑鳝的怀卵量 ,结果发现深黄大斑鳝的怀卵率和怀卵强度均高于青黄斑鳝 ;深黄大斑鳝和青黄斑鳝各体长段间怀卵强度差异的不显著 ;深黄大斑鳝 2 5 .1～ 3 0 .0cm、3 5 .0～ 3 9.0cm段分别与青黄斑鳝 14 .0～ 2 0 .0cm、3 0 .1～ 3 5 .0cm和 2 5 .1～ 3 0 .0cm段黄鳝怀卵强度存在显著差异 .     

Microanalytical identification of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow pigment in historical European paintings and its differentiation from lead tin and Naples yellows

The work is focused on identification of lead tin yellow types I and II, Naples yellow, and also on discrimination of a less common, distinct yellow pigment, the ternary Pb-Sb-Sn oxide.The knowledge about all those Pb-based yellows was in fact forgotten after introduction of modern synthetic yellows in 19th century. As late as in the last decade of the 20th century, the existence of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow and its production have been rediscovered, and only then it has been identified in colour layer of artworks.Pb-Sb-Sn yellow has recently been identified in colour layer of 17th century Italian paintings by Sandalinas and Ruiz-Moreno [C. Sandalinas, S. Ruiz-Moreno, Lead tin-antimony yellow, historical manufacture, molecular characterization and identification in seventeenth-century Italian paintings, Stud. Conserv. 49 (2003) 41–52], and here we report the finding of this pigment in Mid-European painting of the 18th and 19th centuries. Lead tin yellows, lead antimony yellow (Naples yellow), and lead antimony tin yellow were synthesized in laboratory following historical recipes, their colour was analyzed, and their structure was confirmed to provide a basis for their routine identification in microsamples of artworks by X-ray microdiffraction. Unequivocal identification of Pb-based yellows could help in authentication of traditional European paintings, because their use was temporally and also geographically specific. Combination of elemental microanalysis (X-ray fluorescence electron microanalysis) and X-ray powder microdiffraction were found very efficient in the microanalysis of colour layers of artworks with Pb-based yellows and their unequivocal identification.     

五华三黄鸡线粒体DNA控制区全序列分析

采用PCR和直接测序的方法测定五华三黄鸡两个类群--丰华和太和类群的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区(D-loop)全序列,比较分析其序列特征并构建系统进化树.结果表明:五华三黄鸡2个类群线粒体DNA控制区全序列长度分别为1232 bp、1231 bp.与原鸡相比,五华三黄鸡的丰华类群和太和类群都发现14个变异位点,其中丰华类群的变异均是基因转换,而太和类群有13个转换和1个缺失,没有观测到颠换;A+T碱基含量分别占60.4%和60.3%,G+C碱基含量都约占39.6%.五华三黄鸡与其它19种禽类的D-loop基因序列同源性的分子进化树聚类结果表明五华三黄鸡类群与中国红原鸡亲缘关系最近.     

交联剂EH对红花黄植物染料染棉的固色作用研究

将环氧交联剂EH用于红花黄植物染料对棉织物直接染色的固色处理,对主要工艺因素进行了对比试验,结果表明,可显著提高表观得色量和皂洗牢度、摩擦牢度,固色作用明显,是红花黄色素利用的有效途径。     

建立我国农业支持保护体系的政策建议

建立我国农业支持保护体系,应加强农业绿箱政策,将黄箱政策转化为绿箱政策,试用蓝箱补贴政策等。同时国家要加强农业基础设施和生态工程建设,提高农业综合生产能力和可持续发展能力;完善对农民和农业生产补贴体系,增强农业国际竞争力;建立农业生产风险防范与保险机制,有效化解农业生产的自然和市场风险;放宽贸易管制,促进农产品出口;完善农业政策法规体系,实现对农业支持保护的制度化和法制化,为保证农民收入增长,促进农村发展提供制度保障。     

Mg／Al／Cu类水滑石焙烧产物对茜素黄GG的吸附

采用共沉淀法以不同的Mg^2＋、Al^3＋与Cu^2＋摩尔比制备一系列的镁铝铜三元类水滑石（Cu／Mg／Al—HTLc）。并研究了镁铝铜类水滑石的焙烧产（HTLc-500）对阴离子染料茜素黄GG的吸附特征。分别考察了不同镁铝铜摩尔比的HTLc－500、吸附剂投放量、反应温度、染料的初始浓度等因素对HTLc-500吸附阴离子染料茜素黄GG的影响。结果表明,对于合有20mg／L的茜素黄GG模拟废水溶液,镁铝铜摩尔比为8：10：22的类水滑石,投放量为25mg。在25℃下反应360min。去除率可达到99．14％。     

英语世界的斑斓色彩--浅议颜色词在英语中的应用

颜色词及相关词语不仅可以用来表现自然界的五彩缤纷，更被广泛地用来表达人们复杂的思想感情及千变万化的事物特征．由于中西方化的差异，颜色词的中西方引申比喻含义也各不相同。从红、黄、蓝、绿、白、黑等六种主要的颜色词及相关的词组搭配可了解一些中西方化的差异。     

Nineteenth century chrome yellow and chrome deep from Winsor & NewtonTM

The Winsor & Newton^TM (W&N) nineteenth century archive database includes digitised images of hand-written instructions and workshop notes for the manufacture of their artists’ materials. For the first time, all 183 production records for yellow lead chromate pigments were studied and evaluated. They revealed that W&N produced essentially three pigment types: lemon/pale based on mixed crystals of lead chromate and lead sulphate [Pb(Cr,S)O₄]; middle on pure monoclinic lead chromate [PbCrO₄]; and deep that contains the latter admixed with basic lead chromate [Pb₂CrO₅]; accounting for 53, 22, and 21% of the production, respectively. Production records for primrose (4%) were also included since the formulation results in mixed crystals with a high percentage of lead sulphate, which, according to the literature, leaves it more prone to degradation. Each pigment type is characterised by only one or two main synthetic pathways; process variations reveal a systematic and thorough search for a high-quality durable product. A comparison of the chemical composition of pigment reconstructions with early W&N oil paint tubes showed that their records entitled ‘pale’ and ‘lemon’ correlated with the pigment in their tube labelled chrome yellow and, ‘middle’ and ‘deep’ with the label chrome deep. Lemon and middle pigment formulations were made into oil paints to assess their relative photo-stability. The degradation process was followed by colorimetry and was studied by synchrotron radiation-based techniques. Based on the X-ray absorption spectroscopy data, the possibility for creating a stability index for chrome yellows is discussed.