Moral education and values education in curriculum reform in China

In the new curriculum reform in China, moral education and values education have been defined from the angles of the integrity and conformity of curriculum functions. Accordingly, a new education concept based on complete/integral curriculum functions is established. By discussing the essences of the curriculum, the basis of moral and values education, integrated curriculum setting in instruction structure, the presence of emotional and attitudinal goals in the subject standards, and teaching methods, this text points out that this curriculum reform looks to moral and values education in schools. The reform also emphasizes and will guarantee moral and values education in schools. Finally, the article recommends to elementary and secondary schools the studies on moral education in class conducted by the Research Institute of Moral Education of Nanjing Normal University, one of the Key Bases for Humanities and Social Sciences Research for the Ministry of Education. __________ Translated from Global Education, 2002:12     

Māori science education in Aotearoa New Zealand

Abstract    This article reports on the first two phases of a multiphase science education development project in predominantly Māori kura (school communities) in the central region of the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. The development project in its entirety employs an action research methodology and by so doing endeavors to support the improvement of science education delivery in accordance with school community aspirations. The full project (a) establishes the current situation in Year 1–8 science education in the communities; (b) identifies developmental aspirations for stakeholders within the communities and identifies potential contributors and constraints to these aspirations; (c) implements mechanisms for achieving identified aspirations; and finally; (d) evaluates the effectiveness of such mechanisms. In its focus on the first two phases, this article incorporates the analytical lenses of Kaupapa Māori Theory and Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological model. It concludes by outlining some priorities to consider for science education development based on the outcomes of our preliminary discussions.

Teachers’ perceptions of assessments of their mathematical knowledge in a professional development course

The purpose of the project reported in this article was to evaluate how assessing teachers’ mathematical knowledge within a professional development course impacted from the teachers’ perspective their learning and their experience with the course. The professional development course consisted of a 2-week summer institute and the content focus was geometry. We had decided to assess the mathematical learning of the teachers during this professional development course for various accountability reasons, but were concerned about possible negative by-products of this decision on the teachers and their participation. Thus, we worked to design assessment in ways that we hoped would minimize negative impacts and maintain a supportive learning environment. In addition, we undertook this evaluation to examine the impacts of the assessment, which included homework, quizzes, various projects, and an examination for program evaluation. Seventeen grade 5–9 teachers enrolled in the course participated in the study by completing written reflections and by describing their experiences in interviews. We learned that while our original intent was “to do no harm,” the teachers reported that their learning was enhanced by the assessment. The article concludes by describing the various properties of the assessments that the teachers identified as contributing to their learning of the geometry content, many of which align with current recommendations for assessing and evaluating grade K-16 mathematics students.

“以苏为鉴”：毛泽东探索中国社会主义建设道路的思想方法

毛泽东提出的“以苏为鉴”是贯穿中国社会主义建设探索过程始终的思想方法。“以苏为鉴”关键在于摒弃苏联模式的弊端,重点在于有选择地学习苏联等国的先进经验,主线是探索符合中国国情的社会主义建设道路。毛泽东探索社会主义建设的成果对中国特色社会主义建设道路的开拓、中国特色社会主义理论体系的形成和中国特色社会主义制度的建立都产生了深远的影响。     

Combinatorial model involving mixed deterministic freight volume distribution and user’s equilibrium assignment

Considering characteristics of Chinese urban mixed traffic, the author develops a combinatorial model involving the mixed deterministic traffic volume distribution and user’s equilibrium (UE) assignment on the basis of symmetrical link travel time function (or deterrence). Its uniqueness and equivalance to the Wardropian principle of UE are also proved. Finally, we give the algorithm of model. Project supported by the Youth Scientific Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education (97QG18)     

男子跳马前手翻直体前空翻转体900°推手技术运动学对比分析

李小鹏在跳马推手技术中采用了＂扒马＂推手技术,白云鹏在前手翻直体前空翻转体900°动作中运用了传统的推手技术.针对李小鹏跳马的＂扒马＂技术和白云鹏的推手技术动作数据进行运动学对比分析,为前手翻类动作的提高难度与创新提供可靠的技术参考.     

西安市基础教育与社会经济协调发展的实证研究

基础教育的发展和社会经济的发展是一个动态演进的过程。以西安市2001-2011年统计年鉴和教育统计公报的数据为基础,构建基础教育与社会经济交互作用下的两个子系统,运用线性加权和法确定两个子系统的综合发展水平,构建协调发展度模型,进而评价基础教育与社会经济发展的协调状况。结果表明：（1）2001-2011年期间,基础教育发展指数平均每年上升0.08个点,社会经济发展指数平均每年上升0.03个点;（2）研究期末协调度为0.993、协调发展度为0.902,协调发展类型为优质协调发展类经济滞后型。西安市在未来的发展中,要加快经济转型升级,大力发展创新型经济,实现西安由教育大市向教育强市的根本性转变,以期达到社会经济和基础教育之间的平衡。     

Serum adenosine deaminase, 5′ nucleotidase and malondialdehyde in acute infective hepatitis

Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5′ nucleotidase (5′NT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in patients with acute infective hepatitis (AIH) along with the routine parameters of liver disease. Present study is done to evaluate these special parameters in patients with clinical history of AIH and to assess the utility of these parameters as diagnostic/ prognostic indices of liver function and to correlate special parameters with routine live function tests (LFT). ADA, 5′NT and MDA along with routine LFT was estimated in 25 patients with AIH and 25 samples from healthy voluntary blood donars served as the control group. Routine LFT was estimated by standard clinical chemistry procedures on dade behring analyser and ADA, 5′NT and MDA were estimated by berthlot reaction, fiske and subbarao method and thiobarbituric acid method respectively. Statistical analysis showed that serum ADA, 5′NT and MDA were significantly higher in patients as compared with the controls. There was a significant positive correlation between ADA and total bilirubin and MDA and total bilirubin. Hence we can conclude that these tests would be more sensitive to diagnose the patients with AIH and that the raised bilirubin levels could be looked upon, as a protective mechanism which the liver has evolved in order to combat oxidative stress.     

Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) activity in alcoholics with liver abscess and chronic alcoholics

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (γ-GT) is a microsomal enzyme. Its activity in serum is assayed in alcoholics with liver abscess and alcoholics without liver abscess after screening by ultrasonography. The enzyme activity in serum is increased by 334% in the patients with liver abscess compared to normal control subjects (p<0.0001), and 172% when compared to patients with chronic alcoholism without liver abscess (p<0.0001). The enzyme activity was increased by 59.3% in the serum of patients without liver abscess compared to the normal control subjects (p<0.001). Measurement of γ-GT in serum appears to be a sensitive index in the diagnosis of alcoholics with liver abscess.     

Usefulness of serum CA 15.3 and histopathological prognostic indices in breast cancer

Prognostic factors influence the modality and course of therapy in breast cancer. These include both histopathological and biochemical variables. This study was aimed to find out if any correlation exists between the biochemical tumor marker-serum CA 15.3, and the lymph node staging of Nottingham’s Prognostic Index (NPI). It was observed that serum CA 15.3 showed a statistically significant correlation with lymph node staging of NPI. Therefore it is concluded that CA 15.3 can be utilized as a useful prognostic marker, particularly in cases where histopathological variables such as tumor size and grade have been altered by pre-operative chemotherapy.