对影响青少年业余游泳运动员赛中心理状态的因素分析

运用文献法、问卷法、类比法、分析与综合法 ,对青少年业余游泳运动员赛中心理状态因素进行了研究与分析。结果表明 ,环境因素和动机因素是主要影响青少年业余游泳运动员赛中心理状态的因素 ,针对这两个因素从环境适应能力和动机方面的主要表现出发 ,对赛中心理反应进行分类说明 ;同时给教练员提出了一些平时训练和赛前调节运动员心理的措施和方法 ,并指出了形成最佳临场状态的方法。     

Lighting the Shroud of Turin for Exhibition in 2015

ABSTRACT

Lighting a cultural heritage artifact requires balancing visual perception with preventive conservation, by providing the best lighting (in terms of spectral distribution and quantity) to enable the viewer to appreciate details and color, while limiting photo-induced degradation. The paper outlines the methodology applied by a multi-disciplinary team while lighting the Shroud of Turin at its last public exhibition in 2015. The methodology considered the special requirements of the Shroud, including exposure to ultraviolet light, while providing appropriate display conditions that would meet audience expectations. The desired appearance (readability of the body image and color) was defined with the help of Shroud researchers and confirmed by subjective tests, while appropriate light levels for preservation were set in agreement with standard requirements and using knowledge of the degradation of linen in visible and UV light. The installation provided a controlled environment and a managed visitor route to the Shroud, assuring excellent perception of both details and color, with the lowest illuminance level about 15?lx.     

以读练说以读促说--试论朗读在口语训练中的重要作用

朗读和说话同为展示有声语言的活动，它们之间有着密切的联系。加强朗读训练可以培养学生口语表达的兴趣、信心，规范语音面貌，积累词汇，增强语言的表现力、感染力，提高口语表达的技巧和艺术水平。因此朗读是口语训练最行之有效的方法之一。     

英汉色彩词文化对比

英汉色彩词植根于各自的民族文化土壤之中。本文通过对比，从不同文化的共性与差异性以及文化因素的影响角度，探讨翻译中文化因素对颜色词指称意义和语用意义理解的影响。     

Suitability of school textbooks for 5 to 7 year old children with colour vision deficiencies

Purpose

The aim of the present study was to determine, through colorimetric analysis, whether school textbooks for children aged 5 to 7 years contained tasks requiring normal colour vision discrimination for their resolution. In addition, the performance of a group of observers with diverse colour vision deficiencies was evaluated while conducting the tasks under analysis.

Results

Textbooks of mathematics were found to include 10% of tasks which, to an observer with colour vision deficiency, would be very difficult or impossible to solve. The level of difficulty of each task was influenced by the type and degree of colour vision deficiency and by the actual ambient illumination under which it was observed.

Conclusions

Some school textbooks need to be redesigned through an alternative use of colours and textures to take into consideration colour vision deficiencies. In view of the present findings, many Spanish editorial boards have committed to undertake these changes.     

论五代宋初山水画的写实精神

五代宋初北派山水画是中国山水画发展史上的第一座高峰,其中的自然主义思想影响了中国山水画后世的发展,其图式与风格成为后世的典范,表现出的理性的光辉照亮了整个山水画发展的历程,表达出的意境成为文人向往的理想境界。五代宋初山水画风偏于写实,这种风格的形成经过了各种因素的积累和沉淀,最终达到了一个高峰。     

Microanalytical identification of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow pigment in historical European paintings and its differentiation from lead tin and Naples yellows

The work is focused on identification of lead tin yellow types I and II, Naples yellow, and also on discrimination of a less common, distinct yellow pigment, the ternary Pb-Sb-Sn oxide.The knowledge about all those Pb-based yellows was in fact forgotten after introduction of modern synthetic yellows in 19th century. As late as in the last decade of the 20th century, the existence of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow and its production have been rediscovered, and only then it has been identified in colour layer of artworks.Pb-Sb-Sn yellow has recently been identified in colour layer of 17th century Italian paintings by Sandalinas and Ruiz-Moreno [C. Sandalinas, S. Ruiz-Moreno, Lead tin-antimony yellow, historical manufacture, molecular characterization and identification in seventeenth-century Italian paintings, Stud. Conserv. 49 (2003) 41–52], and here we report the finding of this pigment in Mid-European painting of the 18th and 19th centuries. Lead tin yellows, lead antimony yellow (Naples yellow), and lead antimony tin yellow were synthesized in laboratory following historical recipes, their colour was analyzed, and their structure was confirmed to provide a basis for their routine identification in microsamples of artworks by X-ray microdiffraction. Unequivocal identification of Pb-based yellows could help in authentication of traditional European paintings, because their use was temporally and also geographically specific. Combination of elemental microanalysis (X-ray fluorescence electron microanalysis) and X-ray powder microdiffraction were found very efficient in the microanalysis of colour layers of artworks with Pb-based yellows and their unequivocal identification.     

《琵琶行》与《夜闻歌者》的比较研究

《琵琶行》与《夜闻歌者》是白居易通过歌声关注妇女命运的两首诗歌,表面上写的是歌女,而实则抒发自己的报国无门,被贬之苦,从而达到感世咏叹的目的。然而两首诗在人物身份、对话方式、演技描写、外貌描写等方面存在着很大差异,笔者就从这方面着手来分析这两首诗。     

女性身体意象的社会心理学阐释——对相关理论的分析与比较

20世纪90年代,身体意象研究进入繁荣时期,相关理论与研究层出不穷,出现了社会文化理论、女性主义理论以及外表图式等理论。本文以当前身体意象研究的主流理论为基础,系统分析了理论的构建并介绍了相应的实证研究,探讨了身体意象研究的发展趋势,以希为进一步的研究打开思路。     

论苏词中的佳人形象

苏词成功地塑造了许多形态各异的佳人形象,她们具有鲜活而独特的艺术魅力,大致可分为四类:貌美者不妖娆,重情者不泼辣,艺高者使风云变色,质洁者超凡脱俗。苏轼塑造这些佳人形象运用了各种艺术手法:有静态描写,有略貌取神,有诗意烘托,有以诗为词。其中那些品质高洁的佳人,不仅体现出苏轼独特的人格修养与胸襟气魄,也寄托了苏轼的思想与情志。苏词中的佳人形象及其艺术手法,更对后世文学产生了深远的影响。