An extended chemical analysis of gallstone

Chemical composition of gall stones is essential for aetiopathogensis of gallstone disease. We have reported quantitative chemical analysis of total cholesterol bilirubin, calcium, iron and inorganic phosphate in 120 gallstones from haryana. To extend this chemical analysis of gall stones by studying more cases and by analyzing more chemical constituents. A quantitative chemical analysis of total cholesterol, total bilirubin, fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, bile acids, soluble proteins, sodium potassium, magnesium, copper, oxalate and chlorides of biliary calculi (52 cholesterol, 76 mixed and 72 pigment) retrieved from surgical operation of 200 patients from Haryana state was carried out. Total cholesterol as the major component and total bilirubin, phospholipids, triglycerides, bile acids, fatty acids (esterified), soluble protein, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, sodium, potassium, inorganic phosphate, oxalate and chloride as minor components were found in all types of calculi. The cholesterol stones had higher content of total cholesterol, phospholipids, fatty acids (esterified), inorganic phosphate and copper compared to mixed and pigment stones. The mixed stones had higher content of iron and triglycerides than to cholesterol and pigment stones. The pigment stones were richer in total bilirubin, bile acids, calcium, oxalate, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride and soluble protein compared to cholesterol and mixed stones. Although total cholesterol was a major component of cholesterol, mixed and pigment gall stone in Haryana, the content of most of the other lipids, cations and anions was different in different gall stones indicating their different mechanism of formation.     

感染旋毛虫兔五种血清酶变化研究

目的:用旋毛虫感染兔,研究旋毛虫病时肌酸激酶(CK)、醛缩酶(ALD)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)五种血清酶的变化,为旋毛虫病血清酶的检测提供基础资料。方法:将31只实验用兔随机分成三组:轻度感染组11只,每只用灌胃法感染旋毛虫肌幼虫5×103条;重度感染组10只,每只喂入10×103条幼虫;对照组10只。感染后不同时间检测血清CK、ALD、ALT、AST和LDH活性。结果:兔旋毛虫病时五种血清酶(CK、ALD、ALT、AST和LDH)均升高,但以CK的升高程度最高,五种酶均于第3周达高峰,随后逐渐降低。在峰值时,兔血清CK的阳性率(100%)最高,其他阳性率分别ALD81%、ALT66.7%、AST61.9%和LDH52.4%。结论:兔旋毛虫病时,CK、ALD、ALT、AST和LDH五种血清酶尤其是CK的检测对于该病具有辅助诊断意义。     

Levels of enzymes in leukaemic mice treated withAeromonas L-asparaginase

L-asparaginase isolated in our laboratory fromAeromonas has been found to be antileukaemic. In the present study changes in the levels of serum enzymes in leukaemic mice and under treatment withAeromonas L-asparaginase has been compared. A significant increase in the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase with tumour growth and a decrease during therapy was observed. A significant decrease in alanine transaminase activity during tumour growth and an increase during treatment was noticed. Increased levels of aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase was observed during enzyme therapy. Total acid phosphatase was found to be increased during tumour growth and decreased considerably during treatment.     

感染旋毛虫兔血清酶变化与虫体密度关系

目的：探讨旋毛虫病时肌酸激酶（CK）、醛缩酶（ALD）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）与虫体密度的关系,为旋毛虫病血清酶的检测分析提供参考资料。方法：将实验用兔随机分成三组：轻度感染组、重度感染组和对照组,感染后不同时间检测血清CK、AI,D、ALT、AST和LDH活性,处死后用人工消化法进行肌幼虫计数。。结果：兔旋毛虫病时五种血清酶（CK、ALD、ALT、AST和LDH）均升高,五种血清酶与宿主腓肠肌虫体密度有相关性。结论：CK、AI．D、ALT、AST及LDH与宿主腓肠肌虫体密度有相关性。     

Enzymatic decolorization of bacterial pigments from culturally significant marble

Marble monuments and facades are susceptible to microbial colonization. Microbial growth on a marble surface can develop into unsightly red stains whose removal has proven problematic. The purpose of this study was to determine if the red-brown stains on Isamu Noguchi's marble sculpture Slide Mantra (1991) could be caused by pigment-producing microorganisms and to assess the potential of enzymatic stain remediation. Traditional cell culture methods were used to isolate a pigmented bacterium from a stained area of the sculpture. Sequencing and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene identified the organism as a strain of Serratia marcescens, and FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated that the pigment produced by the bacteria was most likely a prodigiosin. Decolorization of the pigment in solution demonstrated that the enzyme laccase from the fungus Trametes versicolor has potential as a decolorizing agent. This study suggests that enzymatic decolorization may be applicable to stains on culturally significant marble caused by microbial colonization.     

A comparative study on the effects of diet and exercise,metformin and metformin+pioglitazone treatment on NIDDM patients

A comparative study on two groups of newly diagnosed nonobese and obese NIDDM patients who were 15 in each group and treated by diet cum exercise and metfromin monotherapy respectively and a third group of 15 obese NIDDM patients whose hyperglycemia was not first controlled by a combination therapy of metformin and sulfonylurea and therefore changed over to a different combination therapy of metformin and ploglitazone, was carried out before and after a period of three months treatment. The mild hyperglycemia in the 1^st group and the moderate or severe hyperglycemia with accompanied disorders of serum enzymes such as AST, ALT, GGT and the level of HBA₁₀ observed with 2^nd and 3^rd groups of obese NIDDM patients were significantly ameliorated by the respective mode of treatments. Here the efficacies of the three types of treatment are substantiated and further it specifically depicts the success with the choice of combination therapy with metformin and pioglitazone in the third group of obese diabetics.