金缕梅科系统发育的古孢粉学证据

本文系统描述了现代金缕梅科中主要属的花粉形态特征，并在此基础上运用孢粉学的资料探讨 了金缕梅科的系统分类及其演化规律。     文中还详细记述了金缕梅科中化石花粉的形态、出现的地质时代及分布；并进一步探讨了金缕梅科的地质演进历史。文章认为．早白垩世时期为金缕梅科的发生期，晚白垩世为金缕梅科的发展期。在这一时期金缕梅科中的主要属——金缕梅属Hamamelis、蜡瓣花属Corylopsis，弗特吉属Fothergilla均已出现。被子植物第一次在植物界中占据优势。进入早第三纪时期金缕梅科得到了进一步的发展和完善，花粉形态由三沟型演进出散孔型。最后，本文通过对金缕梅科孢粉形态学的研究和生物地层学的研究，详细的论述了金缕梅科演化的古孢粉学证据。文章认为金缕梅目可能由棒纹粉(Clavatipollenites)直接演进而来，而后再演进金缕梅科中其他各属种。文中还根据孢粉形态学的分析和孢粉生物地层学的研究，提出金缕梅科中的枫香属Liquidambar是和金缕梅科中的主要类群(三沟型)完全不同的两个类群，从而同意枫香属应当从金缕梅科中独立出来，另建立一个阿丁枫科Altingiaceae。     

The wood of “C” and “F” Roman ships found in the ancient harbour of Pisa (Tuscany, Italy): the utilisation of different timbers and the probable geographical area which supplied them

During the excavation of the Etruscan and Roman harbour of Pisa, several shipwrecks were found. The wooden timbers constituting the ship C and ship F (which date back to the first and the second century A.D., respectively, as attested by archaeological findings) were selected in order to collect information about the technological knowledge of the time. Pinus pinaster Aiton was essentially utilised for the planking of ship C and Quercus sp. caducifolia for that of ship F. The choice of timber for the other parts of ship C hull was much more differentiated. Ship C seems to be built in a careful way and its characteristics when added to its overall lightness, seem to reflect its use as a higher capacity boat built for sea sailing. Ship F seems more linked to short voyages in inner fresh waters. The utilisation of different woods was linked not only to the technological characteristics of wood, but also to their easy availability. Palynological analysis, carried out on the clay sediments embedding the shipwrecks, has shown that the flora of Pisa area in that time period would have allowed the acquisition of all the timber species used for both the ships’ construction, with the exception of the fig wood. However, a foreign origin of the timber from somewhere else in the Northern Mediterranean area has not been excluded.     

马铃苣苔属(苦苣苔科)的分类

按本文处理，马铃苣苔属Oreocharis包括27种、5变种，其中有5个新种、4个新变     种。文中分析研究了该属的外部形态和地理分布; 在扫描电镜(SEM)下，对22个种的花粉     外壁和16个种的种皮进行了观察。结果认为花冠有三个类型，花药有两个类型，花粉和种皮     的外壁纹饰也可各分为三个类型。花冠的各种类型是稳定的，它们与花粉粒和种皮的特征明     显相关。其相关性是该属次级划分的主要依据。该属分为四个组。以O．bodinieri建立的 属，Dasydesmus  Craib被并入Oreocharis。