Reading to Learn or Learning to Read? Engaging College Students in Course Readings

Despite instructors' belief that class readings are integral to the learning process, only 20–30% of undergraduate students complete required readings. Failure to complete course reading has been associated with declines in exam and research performance. This article first offers a brief review of the literature on why students do not complete course readings: 1) unpreparedness, 2) lack of motivation, 3) time constraints, and 4) an underestimation of reading importance. We then identify approaches that encourage students to read, enjoy reading, and develop metacognitive knowledge, shown to improve learning.     

How online gamers’ participation fosters their team commitment: Perspective of social identity theory

Online games are highly popular applications. While online gamers actively participate in gaming teams, no study has yet explored whether gamers have sufficient teamwork knowledge and have accumulated sufficient team participation experience. These likely strengthen team commitment, but we do not know, indicating a research gap. Research filling this gap could shed light on useful means for enhancing gamers’ team commitment. Grounded in social identity theory, we theorize the mechanism that links gamers’ overall gaming team participation experience and overall gaming teamwork knowledge to their team commitment. We collect two-wave data from 344 online gamers that have played massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) and use structural equation modelling for data analysis. We find that overall team participation experience is positively related to gaming team identification, while overall teamwork knowledge is positively related to compliance with gaming team norms. Both team identification and norm compliance are positively related to gaming team commitment. This study is the first to clarify the mechanism underlying the impacts of overall gaming team participation experience and overall gaming teamwork knowledge on gamers’ team commitment. Our findings provide the practical insight that game designers should incorporate game features that require or reward gamers’ participation in gaming teams or enhance gaming teamwork knowledge, thus strengthening gamers’ team commitment.     

Politeness theory and refusals of requests: Face threat as a function of expressed obstacles

This investigation seeks to extend Wilson, Aleman, and Leatham's (1998) revision of Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory by focusing on the relationship between face threat and refusals to requests. Results support that (a) when requests are refused, threats to the negative face needs of the requester are more prevalent than threats to the negative face of the refuser and (b) depending on the obstacle underlying the refusal, there are differences in type of threat present to the requester's positive face and the refuser's face needs.     

宗教与社会主义相适应理论探源

宗教与社会主义相适应理论的提出与贯彻,是中国共产党人在新的历史时期的宗教理论的最大亮点,这一理论可以追溯到马克思主义经典作家关于宗教问题的论述,但主要还是基于我国宗教问题的长期性和复杂性这一现实前提,同时又结合了宗教在当代社会的新的发展变化而提出的。这是我党对于马克思主义宗教理论的重大贡献,体现了我党坚持真理、实事求是的优良传统和与时俱进的开拓精神。     

高职教育特色下体验式英语教学实施原则探究

英语作为全球性语言的地位始终没有改变,而社会对人才的要求却与日俱增。培养具有高职特色且符合社会发展需要的"高端技能型专门人才"对英语的学习不可或缺。高职英语教学如何探索出符合时代要求且对人才培养起积极促进作用,成为高职英语教学新的目标及任务,也是英语教学从传统的传输式教学向体验式教学的转变。     

权利义务关系视角下运动员个人数据的处理及其基本原则——基于《中华人民共和国民法典》《通用数据保护条例》的分析

在“数字体育”背景下,运动员数据处理成为现代体育发展的关键。运动员个人数据的数据主体和数据控制者之间的权利义务分配是运动员数据处理的基础。数据主体权利的扩张和数据控制者义务的强化是《中华人民共和国民法典》和《通用数据保护条例》所遵循的基本价值导向。运动员数据处理的具体建构还应在体育领域行业化和特殊化基础上,遵循合法公平透明原则、目的限制原则、数据最小化原则、准确性原则、存储有限化原则、完整和保密原则,以此厘清运动员和数据控制者在运动员数据处理中的权利义务关系,保障运动员的数据权益。     

预见性护理对血液透析患者低血压和不良情绪影响的分析

目的:分析预见性护理是否减少了血液透析患者低血压和不良情绪的影响。方法:以我院2019年1月-2020年1月100例尿毒症血液透析患者为研究对象,采用随机法分为两组。对照组给予常规护理,实验组实施预见性护理。每组患者在实验前、后采用评分的方式调查得出其焦虑评分、护理满意度评分;实验结束后,由责任护士对患者的治疗依从性进行评分,并观察两组别并发症(低血压)的出现例数。最后,将得到的数据采用SPSS17.0软件进行对比分析。结果:实验组有效降低了透析患者的不良情绪、焦虑程度以及低血压的发生率(P<0.05);同时,实验组也有效提高了透析患者的护理工作满意度及治疗依从性(P<0.05),维护了患者良好的心态和医患关系。结论:预见性护理能够有效减少血液透析患者在治疗所受不良情绪和低血压的影响,提升了血液透析患者的治疗依从性和治疗效果。     

税制复杂性与税收遵从成本关系探讨

复杂的税制推动税收遵从成本的增加,税收遵从成本的存在又影响了税制的既定目标的实现程度．两者间的相互作用使得税制的最优复杂水平不断下降。面对着日益复杂的税制和巨额的税收遵从成本,简化税制成为现实的选择,在各国学者和各国政府的不懈努力下,有了一些值得借鉴的建议与做法。