Becoming aware of cinematic techniques in propaganda: Instructional support by cueing and training

Cinematic techniques are used to induce biased interpretations of historical videos. Therefore, awareness of these techniques is necessary when working with videos as historical sources. Two studies investigated the effects of training and cueing on the analysis of propaganda. Whereas training benefitted the identification and interpretation of cinematic techniques in propaganda, cueing cinematic techniques on a category level (e.g., camera angle) resulted in less specific analyses with regard to identifying the techniques and hardly affected the interpretation of the techniques' effects. In contrast, more specific manifestation cues (e.g., low angle shot) resulted in more specific analyses and positively affected giving correct interpretations of the cinematic techniques' effects. Interestingly, the effects of cueing were not just observed for practice clips, which included cues, but transferred to test clips, which did not include cues. Overall, these studies constitute a starting point for investigating the effects of cueing on the analysis of propaganda.     

谈申丹《叙事学》中的电影叙事——以电影《我的父亲母亲》为例

申丹《叙事学》以其国际化的视野对叙事学、文体学、翻译学进行交叉研究,形成了独具特色的体系化叙事理论轨迹。文章引用其观点展开对电影《我的父亲母亲》的叙事解读,通过影片“叙事主体”的追问来证明女性形象的陪衬地位。在“叙事色彩”的特点上,笔者通过“顺逆时序的色彩”、“时距中的叙事频率”以及“叙事空间与视角”、“叙事空间的阐释”来凸显“时间叙事”和“空间叙事”中的色彩性。最后,通过“叙事补充”,让原本被影片“过滤”掉的历史重新浮现,包括经济、政治和社会领域的“叙事补充”等。     

Cinematic Jujitsu: Resisting White Hegemony through the American Dream in Spike Lee's Malcolm X

Spike Lee's film Malcolm X (1992) presented Malcolm X's life story using the narrative framework of the American Dream myth central to liberal ideology. Working from Gramsci's notion of common sense in the process of hegemony, I explain how Lee appealed to this mythic structure underlying American popular culture to give a platform to Malcolm X's controversial ideas. By adopting a common sense narrative to tell Malcolm X's life story, this movie functioned as a form of cinematic jujitsu that invited critical consciousness about the contradictions between liberal ideology and the life experiences of racially excluded groups. Other formal devices in Lee's film incorporated Malcolm X's rhetoric within the common sense of mainstream politics and connected Malcolm X to more contemporary racial struggles. This analysis suggests that common sense framings of controversial figures may provide a limited space to challenge institutionalized forms of racism within popular culture.     

巴西柔术研究

巴西柔术特有的地面技术与极强的街战实用性是其重要的技术特征,它与我国的传统武术有着诸多相似之处。巴西柔术的全球化传播给传统武术发展提供了借鉴,重点突出技击特征与实用性是我国传统武术发展的新方向。