Sexual abuse predicts functional somatic symptoms: An adolescent population study

The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of childhood sexual abuse on medically not well explained or functional somatic symptoms (FSSs) in adolescents. We hypothesized that sexual abuse predicts higher levels of FSSs and that anxiety and depression contribute to this relationship. In addition, we hypothesized that more severe abuse is associated with higher levels of FSSs and that sexual abuse is related to gastrointestinal FSSs in particular. This study was part of the Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS): a general population cohort which started in 2001 (N = 2,230; 50.8% girls, mean age 11.1 years). The current study uses data of 1,680 participants over four assessment waves (75% of baseline, mean duration of follow-up: 8 years). FSSs were measured by the Somatic Complaints subscale of the Youth Self-Report at all waves. Sexual abuse before the age of sixteen was assessed retrospectively with a questionnaire at T4. To test the hypotheses linear mixed models were used adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, anxiety and depression. Sexual abuse predicted higher levels of FSSs after adjustment for age sex and socioeconomic status (B = .06) and after additional adjustment for anxiety and depression (B = .03). While sexual abuse involving physical contact significantly predicted the level of FSSs (assault; B = .08, rape; B = .05), non-contact sexual abuse was not significantly associated with FSSs (B = .04). Sexual abuse was not a stronger predictor of gastrointestinal FSSs (B = .06) than of all FSSs. Further research is needed to clarify possible mechanisms underlying relationship between sexual abuse and FSSs.     

Sentinel events predicting later unwanted sex among girls: A national survey in Haiti, 2012

Sexual violence against children is a significant global public health problem, yet limited studies exist from low-resource settings. In Haiti we conducted the country's first, nationally representative survey focused on childhood violence to help inform the development of a national action plan for violence against children. The Haiti Violence Against Children Survey was a household-level, multistage, cluster survey among youth age 13–24. In this analysis we sought to determine whether sexual violence sentinel events (unwanted sexual touching or unwanted attempted sex) were predictive of later unwanted, completed, penetrative sex in Haiti. We also sought to explore characteristics of sentinel events and help-seeking behavior among Haitian children. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test associations between sentinel events and later unwanted, completed, penetrative sex. Overall, 1,457 females reported on experiences of sexual violence occurring in childhood (before age 18). A sentinel event occurred in 40.4% of females who experienced subsequent unwanted completed sex. Females experiencing a sentinel event were approximately two and a half times more likely to experience later unwanted completed sex (adjusted odds ratio = 2.40, p = .004) compared to individuals who did not experience a sentinel event. The mean lag time from first sentinel event to first unwanted completed sex was 2.3 years. Only half (54.6%) of children experiencing a sentinel event told someone about their experience of sexual violence. Among children, sentinel events occur frequently before later acts of completed unwanted sex and may represent a useful point of intervention. Reporting of sexual violence by children in Haiti is low and can be improved to better act on sentinel events.     

赵嘏、杜牧卒年与《唐诗类选后序》作年考论

有学者认为<唐诗类选后序>撰于"咸通元、二年间"或"咸通三年前后",并据此和其他"根据"考订赵嘏卒于大中十二三年,否定杜牧卒于大中六年.经过分析考证,张祜卒于大中八年,杜牧则卒于大中六年底,且顾陶前后两序之撰写时间极为接近,均是大中十年先后所撰,因此赵嘏即约卒于大中八年.     

计算机和IPT对训练计划的制定管理

论述了建立计算机ＩＰＴ训练计划管理系统的重要性和必要性，并介绍了建立该系统的方法以及系统构成、设计原则、工作过程、系统功能特点、系统运行和控制环境。     

基于模型设计的产品数据管理研究

本文介绍了基于模型设计(MBD)的定义和模型表达技术,论述了产品制作过程不同阶段与管理系统的联系方式。通过搭建数据管理模型框架,将模型数据分解为一系列子数据,并验证了该方法的有效性。     

数字电视及其先进应用

简要介绍了数字电视技术及其在多媒体数据广播和交互式电视中的应用。     

网络环境下教育技术文献资料工作的新变化

本文从四个方面探讨了互联网的发展,对教育技术文献资料工作的影响,以及在此基础上收藏结构、收藏空间、收藏原则方面的新变化。认为教育技术资料工作人员,应在实际工作中尽快适应变化,在管理思想上实现现代化。     

Incidence and situational factors surrounding sexual assault against delinquent youths

This study reports the results of extensive interviews with an intact sample of moderately delinquent adolescents concerning their sexual assault histories. Findings indicate a surprisingly high incidence of victimization among the females interviewed which, the authors suggest, may characterize the larger population of delinquent females. The behavioral-situational contexts of reported victimization experiences are examined for salient commonalities and the following composite rape scenerio can be cast from the data: An unsupervised, 14-year-old female, who has been consuming alcohol or marijuana, is sexually assaulted, following threat and/or force, to the point of penile-vaginal penetration, by an older male friend or acquaintance (who has also consumed alcohol or marijuana) in his home or vehicle or other place where she is inherently unprotected. Some comments are offered concerning the requirements of an effective technology of child rape prevention.     

西文图书出版年的著录探讨

通过学习AACR2和美国国会图书馆条例解释LCRIs,结合多年的工作经验,对西文图书出版日期信息的比较和著录项进行了总结,以寻求西文编目工作的规范化和标准化。