论罗斯福“新政”的货币政策

从某种角度说，美国1929—1933年经济危机是美国国民收入骤降、国民财产损失巨大而形成的一种严重货币荒，人民群众购买力剧减、消费远远落后于生产，美国经济处于难以继续运转的僵化状态。罗斯福“新政”的货币政策，就是为了将美国经济从这种僵化状态解救出来而制订的。它的基本内容是放弃金本位制，实行有控制的通货膨胀。由于罗斯福是个平衡预算的信徒，不相信凯恩斯的货币理论，他始终拒绝将通货膨胀提高到这种理论要求的水平，直到二战前，“新政”货币政策虽有可能完全克服1929—1933年经济济危机，实际上却只是基本上而没有完全克服那次危机。     

治理高校腐败现象的基本思路和对策研究

本文从高校容易发生腐败现象的实际出发，通过分析认识其表现形式和根源，提出了治理高校腐败现象的基本思路和对策是：必须坚持教育制度监督并重的方针，对加强高校反腐倡廉工作，保证高等教育事业沿着健康轨道快速发展具有积极的建设作用。     

中国足球超级联赛U23新政何以有效?——基于“足协-俱乐部”的博弈

中超联赛自2017赛季推出U23新政以来备受争议。在"上有政策下有对策"的非合作博弈下,U23新政如何才能实现政策初衷?该文首次采用不完全信息静态博弈模型分析了U23新政下足协与俱乐部的博弈均衡。研究表明：（1）足协推行新政的最优概率为俱乐部采取积极策略给足协带来的净收益与消极策略带来的净收益之比,实质上取决于俱乐部的遵从度。（2）在缺乏讨价还价权时,俱乐部对新政采取消极应对策略是为了减少净损失。俱乐部积极应对的最优概率为消极应对的净损失占其与积极应对的加成即期收益损失之和的比值,实为两害相权取其轻。为激励俱乐部采取积极策略,应降低俱乐部消极应对策略的净收益或积极应对策略的加成即期收益。（3）提高U23新政有效性的治标之策是减少U23政策对中下游球队的冲击,实行有差别的U23政策;对U23球员上场时间低于均值的俱乐部,实行等额或超额递减分成机制。治本之策是培育一个可预期、可持续、可盈利的足球市场,俱乐部能够内生出建立百年基业的长效机制;继续深化足协的去行政化改革,使之向完全社团法人转型。     

Development of students’ conceptual thinking by means of video analysis and interactive simulations at technical universities

Video analysis, using the program Tracker (Open Source Physics), in the educational process introduces a new creative method of teaching physics and makes natural sciences more interesting for students. This way of exploring the laws of nature can amaze students because this illustrative and interactive educational software inspires them to think creatively, improves their performance and helps them in studying physics. This paper deals with increasing the key competencies in engineering by analysing real-life situation videos – physical problems – by means of video analysis and the modelling tools using the program Tracker and simulations of physical phenomena from The Physics Education Technology (PhET?) Project (VAS method of problem tasks). The statistical testing using the t-test confirmed the significance of the differences in the knowledge of the experimental and control groups, which were the result of interactive method application.     

Teaching Prospect Theory with the Deal or No Deal Game Show

Recent evidence indicates that decision makers are more sensitive to potential losses than gains. Loss aversion psychology has led behavioural economists to look beyond expected utility by developing prospect theory. We demonstrate this theory using the Deal or No Deal game show.     

试析罗斯福新政思想的来源

罗斯福新政不仅挽救了美国资本主义的发展,而且开辟了当时整个资本主义世界发展的新时代。其主要内容为通过立法加强对经济和社会的宏观控制,使大多数人的利益得到兼顾。实用主义是罗斯福新政的哲学基础,其经济思想来源于制度学派;人道主义思想使新政得到人民支持。     

Toward a moral economy of money? Money as a creature of democracy

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a novel approach for understanding money users’ relation to monetary governance institutions. It first describes the stakes involved in monetary governance from a neo-chartalist/MMT perspective. In a second step, it discusses existing contributions on the relation between money issuer and money users, highlighting the literatures on central bank legitimacy and the social construction of money. It argues that neither allows for an analysis of the relation between monetary institutions and money users that takes the latter’s knowledge seriously. It then argues that the concept of moral economy can enrich scholarly analysis. Moral economies of money are defined as collective practices in which money users articulate demands as part of an understanding of money as a public good. Finally, the paper deploys the moral economy of money perspective to reconstruct the changing relation between institutions of monetary governance and money users since the Great Depression in the U.S. It shows how New Dealers silenced a moral economy of money, discusses fragmented moral economies after World War II, and the partial reemergence of such moral economies after the Great Financial Crisis. The paper concludes by discussing political implications and suggestions for further research.     

罗斯福新政中的公共工程投资能够为中国提供什么借鉴?

由于外部性和市场供给的失灵性，公共工程一般由政府出面举办．公共工程既能增加有效需求，又能增加长期供给，是政府干预经济的有效工具和财政政策的重要实现载体。目前，我国的公共工程建设存在盲目决策、重复投资、资金浪费、效益不高等严重问题。罗斯福新政中的公共工程投资实践至今仍能为我国提供借鉴和启示。     

秘书应如何处理与领导的关系

随着社会发展,人们对秘书工作要求越来越高。一位合格的秘书,不仅应具有较强的业务能力,较高的品德素质,还要学会处理各种复杂的人际关系。本文从六个方面论述了秘书应如何处理与领导的关系。     

清末学制改革中《壬寅学制》与《癸卯学制》之比较

清末新政中,清政府先后任命张百熙、张之洞制定了两个学制,即《壬寅学制》与《癸卯学制》,通过比较这两个学制制定的背景及其内容,可知:由于制定者的主观原因,造成了《壬寅学制》被《癸卯学制》取代的必然。