乐清湾红树林真菌区系研究

在乐清湾红树林选择5个采样点，采集其根、叶、枝、皮及土壤和海水，分别在3月、4月、5月共采集3次，研究其真菌区系．共分离到20种真菌，其中曲霉属6种，毛霉属3种，地霉属2种，酵母属2种，其他7种分别为青霉属、根霉属、裂殖酵母属、鞭孢霉属、葡萄穗霉属、葡萄孢霉属、木霉属．     

First aid for flood-damaged paper using saltwater: The inhibiting effect of saltwater on mold growth

Abstract

With the aim of developing a new easy-to-use method for rescuing flood-damaged paper, the effect of saltwater on the inhibition of fungal growth on paper was investigated. This procedure could be used instead of, or assisted by freeze drying. Cellulose-digesting Trichoderma reesei, three types of fungi representative of fungi growing on paper (T. reesei, Aspergillus terreus, and Aureobasidium pullulans) and various naturally airborne fungi were cultured on cellulosic materials in liquid media containing artificial seawater with different salt concentrations. The addition of salts successfully inhibited the growth of T. reesei on microcrystalline cellulose at the concentration of 3.2% (m/m) or higher. The critical salt concentration, 3.2%, is within the general range of salt content in seawater. Other solutions of salts similar to sodium chloride also inhibited fungal growth. Although the observed growth-inhibiting effect was attributed to the high osmotic pressure of the salt solution, physiological effects depending on ion species used were also considered to be possible. The growth of all three types of fungi on copy paper was inhibited effectively when the salt concentration was increased. The growth of various fungi on pure cellulose, with enough oxygen supplied to pores, was completely inhibited (as assessed by visual examination) for 24 days at salt concentrations of 3.5% (m/m) or greater. The fact that the effect of saltwater on cellulosic materials was observed even under optimum medium conditions implies that fungi would be considerably inhibited on flood-damaged paper immersed in saltwater. This method is a promising first aid measure when circumstances do not allow for flood-damaged paper to be dried immediately.     

几种杀菌剂对玉米纹枯病菌生长发育的影响

本文研究了十种杀菌剂对玉米纹枯病菌的抑制作用.结果表明:以适乐时、多菌灵处理时,菌丝生长最慢,平均生长速率分别为0.0060cm/h、0.0063cm/h且无菌核形成,药效最好;其次为速克灵、世高、甲基托布津;咪鲜胺、隆利、处理时不仅菌丝平均生长速率快,且有菌核形成,药效较差;井冈霉素有一定的抑菌作用,但比较缓慢.     

木霉菌防治油菜菌核病和辣椒白绢病的研究

本文报道了一种生物保护剂──本霉菌防治抽菜核病和辣椒白绢病的途径及效果．