Between Tradition and Change: Hunting as Metaphor and Symbol in State Socialist Hungary

Through the historic metaphor of hunting the essay examines the lifestyle of the dominant elites of Hungary between 1945 and 1990 on the basis of archival documents, private records, and oral history interviews. The analysis emphasizes the fact that there were interactions between the old, prewar aristocracy and the new state socialist elites. The co-incidence of lifestyles can be viewed through the lens of social and cultural change: new elements hit against the old, shaping and dissolving old behavioural patterns. The article analyses hunting in the contexts of social differentiation and social grouping. Using semiotics the author shows how, even during the era of state socialism, power and social distinctions were articulated on the level of lifestyles, and transmitted via the social, semiotic function of behaviours, patterns of taste, and forms of interaction. Thus, hunting evolved into a metaphor over time in Hungary: it was not only an indispensable part of the everyday life of the elite, but also became a symbol for belonging to it.     

Searching strategies for the Hungarian language

This paper reports on the underlying IR problems encountered when dealing with the complex morphology and compound constructions found in the Hungarian language. It describes evaluations carried out on two general stemming strategies for this language, and also demonstrates that a light stemming approach could be quite effective. Based on searches done on the CLEF test collection, we find that a more aggressive suffix-stripping approach may produce better MAP. When compared to an IR scheme without stemming or one based on only a light stemmer, we find the differences to be statistically significant. When compared with probabilistic, vector-space and language models, we find that the Okapi model results in the best retrieval effectiveness. The resulting MAP is found to be about 35% better than the classical tf idf approach, particularly for very short requests. Finally, we demonstrate that applying an automatic decompounding procedure for both queries and documents significantly improves IR performance (+10%), compared to word-based indexing strategies.     

美国在匈牙利事件中的态度与政策

美国对匈牙利事件采取了"不干涉"政策,这种政策经历了从观望到最后确立的一个过程.美国政府实行严格"不干涉"政策的深层次原因在于,美国担心苏联会因其在东欧地位的严重恶化陷于绝望,进而诉诸于极端措施,从而引发美苏之间的直接对抗乃至于爆发世界大战,因此,美国不愿冒战争的危险去拯救一个与自己关系不大,且处于苏联势力范围内的中欧小国,这就是美国外交政策现实主义原则的充分体现.     

后殖民语境下库切的流浪文学

流浪是后殖民语境中重要的文学、文化现象。库切是后殖民语境下一位重要的流浪作家，其流浪有自身的特点——殖民者的流浪。库切通过对文化身份的关注与忧虑，对殖民话语的颠覆以及跨文化整合写作方式的尝试，展现了他对后殖民主义的揭示及批判，显示了他的流浪文学在后殖民语境下的内在含义。     

飞散之伤与爱情灵药--《疾病解说者》中四则婚姻故事的“创伤理论”解读

《疾病解说者》是印裔美籍女作家裘帕?拉希莉斩获普利策小说奖的处女作。本文从作品总共九则短篇故事中抽取四个婚姻故事构成故事环,在利用“飞散”的社会学、人口学意义阐明移民婚姻的病症根源之后,采取“创伤理论”分析“断裂性焦躁”在四个婚姻中的具体症候,并通过解读“飞散”在全球化语境下收获的新意说明新“家园意识”的确立是移民婚姻关系和整体生活恢复健康的最佳方案之一。     

散居族裔批评视域下的《宠儿》

从散居族裔批评视角解读莫里森的佳作《宠儿》可以看出,莫里森将颠覆殖民话语与重构美国身份认同进行了有机的结合。一方面,莫里森通过对基督教文化的改写,颠覆了以"大熔炉"为象征的殖民话语;另一方面,莫里森重新构建了被喻为"被子"的美国身份认同,强调了多元文化并存的和谐之路。     

Embodied inter-referencing: encounters with and among “Asian” students in the Australian classroom

ABSTRACT

This essay examines the pedagogical practice of referencing my experiences as a transnational Korean American woman in the classroom and considers how it opens up space for domestic and international students of East, Southeast, and South Asian backgrounds to reflect on their different identities, histories, and cultures. In particular, it focuses on how this practice enables Asian students to share their experiences of and insights about racial difference, racism, and whiteness in Australia and other parts of the world. Building on the concept of Asian “inter-referencing” from Chua Beng Huat (2015), I coin the term “embodied inter-referencing” to describe the strategic ways I use autobiographical narrative to create an inclusive, interactive, and mutually respectful learning space. I centre here on how some Asian students respond to this strategy by telling their own stories and in the process, create transnational, diasporic, and inter-Asian affective communities inside and outside the classroom.     

Understanding silence: an investigation of the processes of silencing in parent–teacher conferences with Somali diaspora parents in Danish public schools

This article questions the dominant understanding that immigrant and refugee parents in parent–teacher conferences are silent because they come from a culture where one does not question the authority of the teacher. Instead, it is argued that they become silent through certain interactional processes. Building on material from an explorative case study of the home–school relations of Somali diaspora families in Danish public schools, the article argues that while these parents have many opinions about their children’s education that they wish to convey, there are institutional and interactional processes in the parent–teacher conference that systematically silence their voices. The understanding of culture as a stable structure that persons are situated within in a top-down manner is thus challenged, arguing that dynamic here-and-now interactions unfolding in a specific practice result in persons becoming, rather than being, silent.     

漂泊离散与文化认同——余光中在美期间散文创作特质考察

本文将余光中在美期间散文创作纳入漂泊离散理论的考察视野。认为余光中在生活经验层面上寻找自我归宿、在东西方文化对立中进行文化思索,在异国主流文化中确立文化归属这3个层面上完成文化认同,体现有着"中华文化本位"的离散作家的特质。