在东方与西方之间——“春树热”的社会背景探析

村上春树的小说受欢迎的根本原因是作品深刻揭示了人性中的真善美与假恶丑,演绎了都市社会里的现代人性故事。在社会背景方面,村上的小说反映了处于相同或相似的社会进程中人们的精神状态,类似的生活体验带来的文化认同感是其小说赖以流行的基础。这种现象反映了资本主义文化扩张所具有的全球化倾向正不断消除着异文化间的差异而代之以一种普遍的跨国资本文化。     

社会转型期教育的认同危机

在社会转型的背景下，全球社会正处于一个重新评价和自我怀疑的时期，原来那种学校概念就差不多可以涵盖教育概念的状况已经不能满足一个多元、复杂的社会的需求。多样性是教育的必然选择。     

数量结构的自动识别方案

数量结构是现代汉语中的一个重要组成部分。对于中文信息处理而言,实现其自动识别将对查找中文文本中的重要命名实体有很大的帮助。但从目前的自动识别程序的开放测试结果来看,乃存在错标、漏标等现象。因此,我们在今后的程序的算法设计中还需要进一步的改善。     

FAIR原则背景下基于机构知识库的高校科学数据管理平台研究

科学数据不仅是科学研究的成果,也是科学研究的对象与工具,是科研机构、科研人员研究交流的重要资源。科学数据管理是对科学数据进行搜集、整理、保存、共享,促进科学数据的价值再提升。随着FAIR原则研究的不断深入,越来越多的机构接受并支持该原则成为科学数据管理的国际准则。文章以河海大学为例,从系统架构、质量控制、服务体系等方面探究高校机构知识库在科学数据管理方面的应用以及实践科学数据的可发现、可访问、可互操作、可重用等原则,旨在为机构知识库在FAIR原则背景下实现科学数据的有效管理提供对策和参考。     

科研机构对机构知识仓储认知和服务需求调查分析*

 采用调查问卷方式,对中国科学院科研院所内科研人员对机构知识仓储的“认知情况和对IR系统所提供服务的需求”进行调查,对回收的数据作统计分析和归纳总结。指出此次调查存在的不足,部署下一步工作。     

电子资源用户受益最大化探讨

将经济学中的最大化理论运用于图书馆电子资源的采购和服务领域，阐述图书馆电子资源用户受益最大化分为采购预期最大化和效用预期最大化两个层次。提出开展馆外访问服务将使图书馆提供电子资源服务的时间最大化，同时让合法用户在资源内容、时间与空间上的受益最大化，而网络用户个人身份认证则是目前保障其合法用户受益最大化的最有效的方式。     

The Organizational Tension of Othering

In this paper narratives submitted to this issue are reviewed and critiqued using the feminist lenses of othering and organizational irrationality. Four emergent themes in the narratives are identified and discussed, with the themes and the feminist critique of them used to provide a set of recommendations for developing researcher-IRB working relationships.     

Organizational Power and the Institutional Review Board

In this essay, we respond to the narratives and essays in this issue by examining organizational power issues related to researchers and institutional research boards (IRBs). Rather than taking a singular perspective on power, we use multiple perspectives and suggest that the cumulative analyses provide the best understanding of IRBs and organizational power.     

Seeking Nettle Textiles – Utilizing a Combination of Microscopic Methods for Fibre Identification

Bast fibres have been commonly used as a textile material in Northern Europe since Neolithic times. However, the process of identifying the different species has been problematic, and many important questions related to their cultural history are still unanswered. For example, a modified Herzog test and the presence of calcium oxalate crystals have both been used in identification. In order to generate more reliable results, further research and advancement in multi-methodological methods is required. This paper introduces a combination of methods which can be used to identify and distinguish flax (Linum usitatissimum), hemp (Cannabis sativa), and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). The research material consisted of reference fibres and 25 fibre samples obtained from 12 textiles assumed to be made of nettle. The textiles were from the Finno-Ugric and Historical Collections of The National Museum of Finland. The fibre samples were studied by observing the surface characteristics and cross sections with transmitted light microscopy, and by using a modified Herzog test with polarized light, in order to identify the distinguishable features in their morphological structures. The study showed that five out of 25 samples were cotton, 16 nettle, one flax, and one hemp. Findings from two samples were inconsistent. The results show that it is possible to distinguish common north European bast fibres from each other by using a combination of microscopic methods. Furthermore, by utilizing these combined methods, new and more reliable information could be obtained from historical ethnographic textiles, which creates new vistas for the interpretation of their cultural history.     

The IR Has Two Faces: Positioning Institutional Repositories for Success

This article describes the ongoing efforts at University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Libraries to evolve the role of the institutional repository (IR) and to effectively position it within the context of the Libraries’ collections, research support, and scholarly communication services. A major component of this process is re-examining the fundamental aims of the IR and aligning it to the Libraries and the campus strategic goals. The authors situate UNLV Libraries’ experience within the context of the current literature to provide background and reasoning for our decision to pursue two, at times conflicting, aims for the IR: one for scholarly communication and another for research administration.