帕麦斯顿与自由主义

保守性是理解帕麦斯顿在维多利亚中期自由主义历史上所居地位的关键。帕麦斯顿是一位保守的自由主义者 ,其保守性与 19世纪中期的时代精神相契合。保守与自由主义、保守与进步之间并非截然对立 ,而是相互制约又相辅相成的兼容关系。帕麦斯顿在维多利亚中期英国自由主义发展史上应占有明显的一席之地     

试论英国中近东政策的形成

从18世纪后半叶至19世纪30年代,英国关于“维持奥斯曼帝国完整”的中近东政策经历了不明确、初见端倪到形成确立的变化过程。本文分析了这一变化及变化的原因,并阐述了英国外交大臣帕麦斯顿根据英国中近东政策的需要,促成1841年《海峡公约》的签订。     

ORIGINS OF ANIMOSITY

The importance of newspapers in nineteenth-century British politics has long been recognized by historians. Lord Palmerston understood keenly the power of the press and cultivated good relations with a number of papers. This article will elucidate more thoroughly than heretofore his early forays into the world of press intrigue. Palmerston did not, however, earn the regard of The Times, at least not until much later in his career. The Times, edited by Thomas Barnes from 1817 until his death in 1841, was the most powerful newspaper of the era. This article will examine the origins of its long-running feud with Palmerston, demonstrating the personal and political differences at the heart of its inception.     

The Deathbed of Lord Palmerston

ABSTRACT

Lord Palmerston died on 18 October 1865, still prime minister at the age of eighty. He was given a state funeral in Westminster Abbey on 27 October. By that time his stepson-in-law, Lord Shaftesbury, had begun spreading the word to a half-believing, half-unpersuaded public that Palmerston had died ‘the good [evangelical] death’, confessing in his last moments not only his sins but his belief in a life to come for all penitent believers in Christ's atoning sacrifice. This article reviews the surviving evidence of witnesses at Palmerston's deathbed and attempts to reconstruct the meaning(s) which Palmerston and his attendants (both family and medical) placed on the rituals in which they participated during the final days of Palmerston's life. A particular effort is made to provide a plausible cultural and intellectual context to Palmerston's participation in these rituals. Palmerston, it will be argued, was a ‘religious believer’ but in a very different sense from that wished on him by the younger generation who stage-managed the event.     

试论帕麦斯顿的外交政策

亨利·约翰·坦普尔·帕麦斯顿是19世纪初期起长期活跃于英国政坛与国际舞台的著名政治家与外 交家。他在执掌英国外交时,在以维护英国既得利益的基础上谋求新的发展的对外政策的宗旨下,对欧洲大陆诸 国及远近东地区采取了均势和强权相结合的外交政策,对以后英国的外交产生了深远的影响。