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排序方式: 共有187条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
合同形式即合同意思表示的载体,合同法适应市场经济便捷和安全的需要,在合同形式方面做出了许多新规定,但由于对法定形式的性质和法律效力缺乏明确具体的规定,引起民法理论界诸多不同理解,如有效要件说,执行证据说,成立要件说等等。本文从对两大法系合同法定形式的效力的对比分析中,说明我国立法的缺陷,并提出相应完善的建议。 相似文献
2.
How do scores from writing samples generated by computerized essay scorers compare to those generated by “untrained” human scorers and what combination of scores, if any, is more accurate at placing students in composition courses? This study endeavored to answer this two-part question by evaluating the correspondence between writing sample scores generated by the IntelliMetric™ automated scoring system and scores generated by University Preparation English faculty, as well as examining the predictive validity of both the automated and human scores. The results revealed significant correlations between the faculty scores and the IntelliMetric™ scores of the ACCUPLACER™ OnLine WritePlacer Plus test. Moreover, logistic regression models that utilized the IntelliMetric™ scores and average faculty scores were more accurate at placing students (77% overall correct placement rate) than were models incorporating only the average faculty score or the IntelliMetric™ scores. 相似文献
3.
Elena Pelzer 《Communication Research Reports》2019,36(2):136-147
Surveys on choices oftentimes rely on Likert-type scales. However, they prevent researchers from identifying the relative importance of different stimulus features for the choice decision. Here, it is shown that conjoint analysis offers a variety of advantages emerging from its use of questions that force the subject to trade off conflicting attribute levels. This study discusses some problems of Likert-type scale measures and shows when conjoint analysis may solve some of these problems. Differences between measurements are illustrated in a uses and gratifications study, assessing convergent validity on Likert-type scale measures with traditional conjoint analysis and choice-based conjoint analysis. Results show that subjects prefer “cognitive needs” by Likert-type scale measures against “tension release needs” by both conjoint analyses. The different outcome is independent from linguistic variation and from dual-process models of information processing. Implications for communication research are discussed. 相似文献
4.
原创性定义情报研究有效性评价的概念。将情报研究有效性评价的影响因素分为主体因素、过程因素和制度因素等。为避免影响因素引起的评价偏倚提出相应对策,包括:专家团队的合理布局、评审程序的合理设计以及建立客观、系统、可量化的评价标准等。对评价标准的客观性、系统性、可量化性等属性进行深入描述。 相似文献
5.
我国刑法理论界普遍承认自救行为具有正当性,但对自救行为的正当性依据问题颇有争议。笔者认为"社会相当性说"结合了其他学说的优点,主张对自救行为的各个特征如目的、手段、法益侵害等综合判断,具有合理性,可以作为自救行为的正当性依据。尽管如此,由于我国刑法没有明确规定自救行为是排除犯罪的正当行为,司法机关也质疑自救行为的合法性。因此,这就要求尽快对自救行为立法,赋予自救行为合法地位。 相似文献
6.
Mapping the importance of the real world: The validity of connectivity analysis of patent citations networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Recent empirical findings have questioned the use of patent citations as a measure. This points to the need of validation of patent citations methodologies, which we address by testing a recent methodology for studying technological evolution, namely connectivity analysis of citation networks. We find connectivity analysis to be a valid tool to identify the reliable knowledge which opens the way to further technological evolution of a surgical prosthesis, the artificial spinal disc. We also illustrate how connectivity analysis represents how this reliable knowledge differs depending on the stage of technological evolution. The corroborated validity of connectivity analysis of patent citations may trigger a renaissance in the use of this kind of patent data. 相似文献
7.
8.
Wei Luo Xiao-hong Gui Bo Wang Wen-ying Zhang Zhi-yuan Ouyang Yi Guo Bao-rong Zhang Mei-ping Ding 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2010,11(7):531-538
The 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) has been tested in many languages, but not in Chinese mainland. We
aimed to assess the Chinese (mainland) version of the PDQ-39. Seventy-one subjects with Parkinson’s disease (PD) completed
the PDQ-39 and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). All subjects were retested with the PDQ-39
a week later. The united Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn and Yahr (H &; Y) scale were also used to evaluate
the subjects. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s α and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Validity was examined in terms of agreement with SF-36, UPDRS, and H &; Y scales.
The Chinese (mainland) version of the PDQ-39 demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach’s α: 0.84–0.88; ICC: 0.56–0.82). The item-total correlations (0.33–0.88) and scaling success rates (77.56%) indicated satisfactory
convergent and discriminant validity of the PDQ-39 items. The correlations between related constructs of the PDQ-39 and UPDRS
(r=0.44–0.68) and between those of the PDQ-39 and SF-36 (r=(−0.46)-(−0.69)) were all statistically significant (P<0.01). Except for stigma, cognitions, and bodily discomfort, all other dimensions of the PDQ-39 significantly discriminated
patients at different H &; Y stages indicated by the H &; Y scale. Although our observations indicate that some problematic
subscales of this version of the PDQ-39 could be improved upon, this study suggests acceptable reliability and validity of
the Chinese (mainland) version of the PDQ-39. 相似文献
9.
Who is the expert? Construct and criteria validity of student and teacher ratings of instruction 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
In this article, we examine the construct and criteria validity of student and teacher ratings as indicators of instructional
features. As parsimonious measures, student and teacher reports are frequently used to assess aspects of the learning environment.
From a methodological perspective, however, both approaches have been questioned. Whereas student ratings are occasionally
criticised as being undifferentiated and easily influenced by personal preferences, teacher reports are sometimes considered
to be biased by self-serving strategies or teaching ideals. Instead of pitting one method against the other, our study aimed
at establishing the specific value of each approach. The analyses draw on data from a German extension to the 2003 PISA assessment, in which 288 mathematics
teachers and their students completed questionnaires using identical items to tap various aspects of instruction. Mean student
ratings were computed for each class. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed specific conceptual structures
for student and teacher ratings, with teachers elaborating on the use of tasks and methods, and students focusing on their
teacher’s support in personal and learning matters. Three shared dimensions were also established: occurrence of classroom
management problems, degree of cognitive autonomy during lessons, and tempo of interaction. Teacher/student agreement on these
dimensions varied across constructs, with considerable agreement on classroom management, low agreement on cognitive autonomy,
and no significant agreement on whether or not the interaction tempo was appropriate. Accordingly, correlations with external
criteria (student motivation, teacher motivation, mathematical achievement scores, and characteristics of the tasks set in
class) also varied across constructs. We conclude that student and teacher ratings are best suited to tapping different aspects
of the learning environment, and recommend that care be taken in choosing a data source appropriate for the construct to be
measured.
相似文献
Jürgen BaumertEmail: |
10.
奈达的功能对等理论是20世纪翻译理论发展进程中的一个重要的里程碑,在翻译实践中的应用颇为广泛。英汉法律翻译同样应遵循功能对等原则,考虑译文与原文效力上的对等,兼顾形式上的对应。在法律翻译实践中,这种对等可以在透彻理解法律原文,熟知两类法律语种表达习惯的基础上,运用语篇翻译的思路而达到。 相似文献