论非法经营罪司法适用中的问题

非法经营罪是破坏社会主义市场经济秩序罪中的一种犯罪，该罪在实践适用中暴露出很多问题。应对作为本罪的客观行为表现作严格的限定和解释，以最大限度地克服小口袋罪的弊端。同时，对于本罪中罚金刑的适用及与相关犯罪的区别也应予以充分重视。     

完善有中国特色的沉默权制度

沉默权制度有默示沉默权制度和明示沉默权制度之分,其适用阶段也各有不同。本文认为,中国不宜实行明示沉默权制度,因为其既未体现真正的平等和公平,又不利于打击犯罪和保护人民,也无法根除刑讯逼供这一司法顽症。中国现行法律既存的有关法律条文基本符合默示沉默权制度的构成要件,但还存在缺陷。为此,要确立自白任意性规则;确立非法证据排除规则;建立和完善证人出庭作证的规则,实施直接言词原则建立和完善监督保障机制;完善律师辩护制度。确保默示沉默权制度的落实。坚持“公正与效率”的司法工作主题,创建让世人耳目一新的刑事司法制度。     

大学生择业法律意识淡漠的成因及对策

面对就业市场的激烈竞争,大学生必须具备相应的择业意识才能在竞争中抓住机遇,顺利完成择业过程。但在择业过程中,由于大学生缺乏择业法律意识卷入了择业的劳动纠纷。从维权意识、契约意识、公民意识和对违法行为性质的认识四个角度对大学生的择业法律意识进行分析。     

Individual and contextual factors in ethical decision making: A case study of the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history

This case study is written for instructors of sport management courses focused on ethics and integrity-related issues in team environments. The case highlights the real world example of the University of Waterloo Warriors varsity football that, in 2010, experienced the most significant doping scandal in Canadian university sports history, with a total of nine anti-doping rule violations asserted through the Canadian Centre for Ethics in Sport. This case study also incorporates the findings of an independent review of the Waterloo football program in relation to the use of banned substances, and includes first-hand accounts from Bob Copeland who was the acting director of athletics. These findings are then interpreted in the context of relevant theory related to performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) use. Along with the findings of this review, which included interviews with athletes, coaches, and administrators, the case study provides important insights into ethical decision making processes and leadership structures in a team sport environment. Particular emphasis is placed on the role that individual cognitive antecedents and contextual organizational factors (i.e., policies, leadership, ethical climate, and infrastructure) play in ethical decision-making processes.     

Resiliency as a factor protecting youths from risky behaviour: Moderating effects of gender and sport

We hypothesised that resiliency may protect adolescents against risky behaviours, and that both the practicing of sports, and gender are moderating variables in relationships between resiliency and risky behaviours. The study included 18-year-old pupils from a selection of secondary schools (n = 556). A total of 188 individuals practiced competitive sports and the remaining 368 participants were non-athletes. The participants were examined with the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents (SPP-18) and with a survey containing questions and statements related to high-risk “experiments with adulthood”. Adolescent athletes showed higher levels of resiliency than their peers. The power of the “Determination and Persistence in Action” effect on “Alcohol” scale differed significantly between male athletes and male non-athletes. Only in the athletes groups were higher scores on this scale reflected by lower values on the “Drugs” scale. Moreover, it is possible to observe differences in undertaking risky behaviour between male and female athletes. The analysis of risky sexual behaviour suggests that sport is a risk factor for men, and a protective factor for women. These data suggest that consistent prophylactic and psycho-educative activities, with a special attention to differences between genders, should be provided to all the adolescents, irrespective of their sport performance levels.     

Organosilicon reagents in natural product synthesis

Berzelius, the Swedish chemist in 1807 introduced the term ‘organic compounds’ as those substances derived from once living organisms (organized systems). Carbon exhibits the property of catenation (formation of chains) and forms a plethora of compounds on earth. Silicon on the other hand which is placed below carbon in the periodic table does not exhibit this property. This article is a brief account of some of the several reagents and classes of compounds encountered in organosilicon chemistry.     

抢夺、窃取国有档案罪之若干问题

抢夺、窃取国有档案罪的客体是复杂客体，在客观方面表现为乘人不备公然夺取国有档案或者秘密窃取国有档案的行为，主体是自然人一般主体，而在主观方面表现为直接故意，并要求具有非法占有的目的。刑法没有规定抢劫国有档案罪并非立法缺陷，对于抢劫国有档案的行为依照抢劫罪处罚即可。     

高通量药物筛选中靶分子固定化数学物理模型的建立

通过对高能量药物筛选基本过程的分析 ,探索了靶分子固定化可能对筛选质量构成的影响 .从分子相互作用看 ,实际的过程远较理想的情况复杂 .分子间存在的静电力、疏水作用力及氢键力能对固定化的机理构成较大影响 ,甚至可能诱发多层吸附的固定化模式 .基于固定化过程中可能存在的靶分子与靶分子、靶分子与微球、体相与表面相之间的相互作用 ,构筑了相应的数学物理模型 ,为实际的筛选工作提供了可参考的理论依据 .     

王维"接受伪署"考评

王维在安史乱期降伪并"接受伪署",被后人如朱熹等认为是其人生中的一大污点.但近年来有论者就此事进行"翻案",并对两《唐书》中关于此事的记载进行直接否认.文章着眼于史料记载与王维文章两个方面,对王维的"受伪职"一事进行了实事求是的翔实考察,以证明王维的"接受伪署"乃确凿可靠之史实.现存王维集中的有关文章表明."贼平后"的王维对其"接受伪署"一事,乃是深感痛心而予以时时自责的.     

北洋政府时期长芦盐区“体制内私盐”述评

北洋政府时期,在长芦盐区,因引岸专商制沿袭已久,弊端丛生。官吏、兵弁、商人等利用其制度漏洞,偷漏贩运私盐,使得长芦盐区＂体制内私盐＂盛行。在芦盐产、运、销的各个环节,均存在私盐。在生产环节,存在＂滩私＂;在储存环节,存在＂坨私＂;在运销环节,存在＂邻私＂。