激发思维，让对比实验探究更有效——以《电磁铁的磁性（一）》为例谈对比实验教学

科学思维是探究活动的灵魂。对比实验教学要根据内容设计一个探究活动发展链和思维发展链有机整合的方案,在引导学生亲历科学探究过程中注重激发孩子们的思维动力和创造力,让他们不断完善自己原有的认识并建构起新的科学概念,让探究更高效。     

Recordkeeping issues arising from the public hearings of the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse

The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse was set up in January 2013 to investigate child sexual abuse in institutional contexts and to focus its recommendations on addressing systemic issues. Recordkeeping issues are at the core of the problems that institutions face when dealing with child sexual abuse although the Royal Commission did not address them systematically in 2013–14. The present article analyses the recordkeeping issues that arose in the public hearings held by the Royal Commission up to October 2014. It shows that recordkeeping issues that appeared in different contexts provide evidence of critical failures in the recordkeeping systems of the institutions under study. It then highlights three implications for professional practice: the need for the professional associations to step up and advocate for a hearing on recordkeeping issues, the importance of putting in place appropriate systems to preserve the records of the Royal Commission, and the need to raise awareness about the complexity of the recordkeeping issues in the institutions that deal with out-of-home care and to develop recordkeeping systems that better meet the needs of the children in care and that support the prevention, detection, reporting and prosecution of child abuse.     

城镇化进程中的农村基层治理模式创新——关于重庆市江北区郭家沱街道“三询制度”的调研报告

城镇化的推进使得这些地区的农村问题逐渐与直接农业生产脱离关系,同时也给传统的农村基层治理模式带来了新的挑战。近年来,重庆市江北区郭家沱街道在所辖行政村积极推进党务村务＂三询制度＂,通过完善制度平台建设让村民深度了解和参与农村基层事务管理,这一措施有效地发挥了群众监督的作用,在改善基层治理方面取得了很大的成绩,对于思考和探索如何推动城镇化背景下的农村基层治理模式创新有很大意义。     

基于GSM的远程气象实时监测平台的设计

介绍了基于了GSM网络传输的气象信息采集平台,可实现实时温度、湿度、时钟信号的采集．通过LCD1602实时显示设置温湿度变化异常报警机制;也能实现实时气象信息通过GSM模块TC35定时发送至数据中心站,接收后并在窗口显示,同时把接收气象信息连接成数据库并保存．数据中心站接受查询信息,比较并回复当下接收到的实时气象数据．实验表明,该设计方案合理可行,能实现气象信息的定时采集、稳定传输和实时报警．     

Remaking collective knowledge: An analysis of the complex and multiple effects of inquiries into historical institutional child abuse

This article provides an overview and critical analysis of inquiries into historical institutional child abuse and examines their multiple functions and complex effects. The article takes a broadly international view but focuses primarily on Australia, the UK and Ireland, jurisdictions in which there have been major national inquiries. Drawing on sociological and other social science literature, it begins by considering the forms, functions, and purposes of inquiries. An overview of emergent concerns with institutional abuse in the 1980s and 1990s is then provided, followed by an examination of the response of many governments since that time in establishing inquiries. Key findings and recommendations are considered. The final sections of the article explore the evaluation of inquiries, both during their operation and in their aftermath. Policy change and legislative reform are discussed but the focus is on aspects often underplayed or overlooked, including an inquiry’s credibility, its role in processes of knowledge production, and the part it plays in producing social and cultural shifts. In the context of growing numbers of inquiries across Western democracies, including the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, it is argued that grasping the complexity of the inquiry mechanism, with its inherent tensions and its multiple effects, is crucial to evaluating inquiry outcomes.     

以创意论成果，以成果论英雄：提升自主创新能力从改革学术评价标准做起

区分原始创新与原始创意具有重要意义。通过及时识别和鼓励原始创意,既可以识别潜在的优秀人才,又能够提高从原始创意到原始创新的成功率,及时鼓励自主创意比鼓励自主创新更有意义。诺贝尔奖奖励的是成功地发展成为原始创新的原始创意,广义诺贝尔奖法则还包括对通过查新和确认无颠覆性错误的原始创意和重要的科技创意的奖励,秉承诺贝尔奖的“唯成果论”法则,实现“以创意论成果,以成果论英雄”。通过创新点清单展示型成果盘点法和知识英才三问识别法,能够及时有效地识别知识英才及潜在的知识英才。     

The Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse

The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse is the largest royal commission in Australia’s history and one of the largest public inquiries into institutional child abuse internationally. With an investment from the Australian government of half a billion dollars, it examined how institutions with a responsibility for children, both historically and in the present, have responded to allegations of child sexual abuse. Announced in the wake of previous Australian and international inquiries, public scandals and lobbying by survivor groups, its establishment reflected increasing recognition of the often lifelong and intergenerational damage caused by childhood sexual abuse and a strong political commitment to improving child safety and wellbeing in Australia. This article outlines the background, key features and innovations of this landmark public inquiry, focusing in particular on its extensive research program. It considers its international significance and also serves as an introduction to this special edition on the Australian Royal Commission, exploring its implications for better understanding institutional child sexual abuse and its impacts, and for making institutions safer places for children in the future.     

在宽严相济的刑事政策下如何解决自侦案件“询问难”的问题

造成检察机关自侦案件“询问难99存在多方面的原因。解决“询问难”对于检察机关具有重要意义。从立法上赋予检察机关自侦部门机动侦查权、建立污点证人制度、提高询问能力和水平、建立拒绝提供证据罚则,都有利于检察机关“询问难”问题的解决。     

公交车最佳乘车路径优化算法

公交乘客出行路径选择是公交乘客信息系统的关键技术,而公交车最佳路径算法是路径选择的基础,目前公交车最佳路径的算法有很多种,算法的区别在于数据存储的结构,各个数据存储结构有各自的优点与不足,基于唐山市公交基础信息和实际生活中公交乘客出行的特点,设计了合乎乘客需求的最佳路径查询的算法。提出以换乘次数最少为首要目标,在此基础上以出行距离最短为第二目标的算法。可将其用于公交公司的管理系统中,也可以用于公交公司查询服务系统中。