BONAGE超声骨龄测试和X光拍摄两种骨龄检测方法的比较研究

通过判读手掌和手腕骨的X光成像图片来评价青少年骨龄是体育和医学界一直使用的传统方法,长期的实践应用已证明它是行之有效的。但为变革其固有的缺陷对新的评价方法的探索一直没有停止,其中以色列阳光公司研制的BoneAge超声骨龄检测仪利用定量超声原理来评价骨龄,已批量投入市场且已为国内部分省市的体育部门所采用。研究目的:对BoneAge超声检测方法和传统X光拍摄方法进行方法学比较分析,检验新方法的准确性和有效性,以维护骨龄检测的权威性和科学性。研究对象:5-17岁男女青少年322名。研究方法:(1)超声骨龄仪的可重复性试验(实验对象93名);(2)X光片判读结果与超声检测结果的比较。对223名男女青少年拍摄手掌(腕)骨进行X光拍摄后随即使用BonAge超声骨龄检测仪对同批对象进行手腕部超声扫描。将超声骨龄结果与两位专家对X光片盲式读片结果的平均值进行比较分析。研究结果:(1)对超声骨龄仪的可重复性实验结果表明,两次测试的骨龄均值无显著性差异且呈高度相关,提示该仪器总体稳定性良好;(2)对超声骨龄结果与X光骨龄均值比较的显示,无论是区分年龄段还是性别,两种评定结果之间均有较大的系统误差和随机误差,且这种误差随年龄段的增大而有所加大;对年龄段较高的人群,超声检测结果更易高估对象的骨发育程度;单因变量多因素方差分析表明,骨龄评价结果主要受到评定方法和年龄段因素的影响,而与性别因素关系不大;对超声骨龄和X光骨龄的相关程度和直线回归分析表明,尽管总体人群的两种评价结果存在高度相关,直线回归效果较好,但引入年龄段因素后,相关程度明显降低,回归效果较差,提示这两种方法之间不能相互替代。     

基于ASP的冠状动脉造影及介入治疗管理系统的实现

介绍了在web网络管理平台下应用ASP技术开发冠状动脉及介入治疗管理系统的主要过程，详细介绍了该系统的程序流程和各功能模块的作用，该系统的B／S体系结构和相关的组件技术；重点对应用ASP实现多条件查询、报表生成等关键技术进行了研究．     

The use of virtual reality simulation to improve technical skill in the undergraduate medical imaging student

In recent years, simulation has increasingly underpinned the acquisition of pre-clinical skills by undergraduate medical imaging (diagnostic radiography) students. This project aimed to evaluate the impact of an innovative virtual reality (VR) learning environment on the development of technical proficiency by students. The study assessed the technical skills of first year medical imaging students. The learning experience by each student was either via traditional laboratory-based simulation or VR simulation, for two specified anatomical protocols. Following the learning experience, the students performed role-plays and were assessed on their technical proficiency. The type of learning environment, laboratory-based or VR simulation, was recorded for each radiographic procedure, as well as demographic data. Data demonstrated an improved total role-play skill score for those students trained using VR software simulation compared with the total role-play skills score traditional laboratory simulation. Demographic multivariable analysis demonstrated no statistically significant association of age, gender, gaming skills/activity with the outcome. The novel medical imaging VR simulation learning tool facilitated technical skill acquisition, equal to, or slightly better than traditional laboratory training. Ongoing data collection will evaluate the impact this VR software has on the undergraduate medical imaging student.

Abbreviations: QUT: queensland university of technology; VR: virtual reality; SLE: simulated learning environment; PA: posterio-anterior; DP: dorsi-plantar; CP: central point; CR: central ray; SID: source image distance; HWA: health workforce Australia     

Two of a Kind: Shining New Light on Bronze Spiritelli Attributed to Donatello

ABSTRACT

Two Spiritelli attributed to Donatello have been extensively studied from a technical point of view, including X-radiography, alloy analysis, characterization of the core, and visual observations on the interior and exterior of the statues. The results of this technical study reveal how the two statues were cast and document the artist’s technical choices. These new insights offer additional information to address questions regarding their attribution, production context, and conservation history. First, the technical study confirmed that the statues were made by the same workshop and argues against the prior proposal of different attributions for the two figures. Second, the results strongly suggest that the statues have never been separated since they were taken off Luca Della Robbia’s Cantoria. Finally, study of the two Spiritelli offers further evidence of the heterogeneity and ingeniousness of Donatellos bronze artistic production, and contributes to the ongoing debate whether the artist himself was involved in the technical aspects of his sculpture.     

Distribution of moisture in reconstructed oil paintings on canvas during absorption and drying: A neutron radiography and NMR study

Moisture is a driving factor in the long-term mechanical deterioration of canvas paintings, as well as for a number of physico–chemical degradation processes. Since the 1990s a number of publications have addressed the equilibrium hygroscopic uptake and the hygro-mechanical deformation of linen canvas, oil paint, animal glue, and ground paint. In order to visualise and quantify the dynamic behaviour of these materials combined in a painting mock-up or reconstruction, we have performed custom-designed experiments with neutron radiography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. This paper reports how both techniques were used to obtain spatially and temporally resolved information on moisture content, during alternate exposure to high and low relative humidity, or in contact with liquids of varying water activities. We observed how the canvas, which is the dominant component in terms of volumetric moisture uptake, absorbs and dries rapidly, and, due to its low vapour resistance, allows for vapour transfer towards the ground layer. Moisture desorption was generally found to be faster than absorption. The presence of sizing glue leads to a local increase of moisture content. It was observed that lining a painting with an extra canvas results in a damping effect: i.e. absorption and drying are significantly slowed down. The results obtained by NMR are complementary to neutron radiography in that they allow accurate monitoring of water ingress in contact with a liquid reservoir. Quantitative results are in good agreement with adsorption isotherms. The findings can be used for risk analysis of paintings exposed to changing micro-climates or subjected to conservation treatments using water. Future studies addressing moisture-driven deformation of paintings can make use of the proposed experimental techniques.     

Validation of the use of foreign gas rebreathing method for non-invasive determination of cardiac output in heart disease patients

INTRODUCTION In the arsenal of cardiac functional parameters,cardiac output(CO),cardiac index(CI),and strokevolume(SV)are potentially important determinantsof hemodynamics,the measurement of which relieson complicated and sometimes invasive techniques.In the case of congestive heart failure,non-invasivemethods to provide accurate measures of these pa-rameters during exercise stress testing would addsignificant objectiveness to the test result.This couldbe of considerable importance for …     

3种常用骨龄测评标准对数字骨龄片的评价对比研究

摘要：目的：对比3种常用骨龄测评标准在当代儿童青少年数字骨龄片评价应用中的差异,分析不同标准在数字骨龄片评价应用中出现差异的原因,从而观察中外儿童骨龄发育的差异及不同年代中国儿童骨龄发育的规律,为我国当代儿童骨龄评价提供建议。方法：分别使用G-P图谱法、CHN法和中华-05法（RUS-CHN）对6～16岁4 149名（男2 096名,女2 053名）当代儿童青少年的数字骨龄片进行判断和评价,对比不同方法的测评结果。结果：1）在6～16年龄组,RUS-CHN测得的骨龄值最接近于生活年龄,CHN测得的骨龄值均高于生活年龄,同时,CHN法骨龄值均大于RUS-CHN骨龄值,男生组2者差值处在0.4～0.9岁之间,女生组处在0.6～0.9岁之间。2）G-P图谱法在不同年龄段、不同性别测得的骨龄结果不一致,9岁前测评结果出现明显的性别差异,男生骨龄值小于生活年龄,女生骨龄值接近生活年龄;9岁以后,骨龄值均大于生活年龄,且随着年龄的增大,骨龄值与生活年龄的差值逐渐扩大。结论：1）不同骨龄评价标准对我国当代儿童青少年的骨龄测评结果差异较大。RUS-CHN法更适合当代我国儿童青少年的骨龄测评。2) 相对于上世纪50年代的白人儿童,目前我国9岁以前的男童腕骨骨化中心,特别是尺骨骨化中心发育较晚,表现出明显的种族差异,女童的骨龄发育水平基本接近于白人女童水平。进入青春期后,我国当代男女儿童青少年骨龄发育均有明显的提前,特别是骨龄发育速度逐年加快,出现了提前发育成熟现象。3) 对比CHN与RUS-CHN的测评结果可以得出,通过近三十年的生长发育,我国男女儿童的骨龄发育普遍提前了0.4～0.9岁。     

跳水运动员颈椎损伤的X线特征及其防治

112例跳水运动员颈椎X线结果显示,正常者仅21例(18.8％),异常者91例(81.2％),其中诊断为颈椎病者 27例(22.9％)。主要病变为环枢椎损伤,椎体及附件退行性变,与成年人 X线不同的是椎间隙虽狭窄,但无椎间盘变性,椎体变形而无骨赘形成等,认为这是青少年骨骼发育成长与损伤相互制约的结果,是运动性应力性损伤的特征,与该项目动作特点密切相关。     

THE INVISIBLE MADE VISIBLE

This article focuses on the early history of X-rays. It argues that, during the first years after their discovery in 1895 by German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, they were regarded as a technological attraction and a visual medium. While their application in medical practice was not yet fully established, the possibility of seeing into the realm of the invisible encouraged pioneers of this technology to actively exploit their visual powers. By using a media-history framework, and relying on primary and secondary sources in English, German, French, and Italian, the article takes into account three aspects of the rays' early display: its character of technological attraction; its association with photography; and its connection to beliefs in the supernatural and the occult.     

In the Light of Media

This paper aims to highlight the medical and medial relationships that were established and negotiated through the mass X-ray surveys for tuberculosis in Sweden from the early 1940s to 1970. In particular it focuses on three interrelated aspects. Firstly, it shows how mass miniature radiography was developed through the pairing of old X-ray technology with new photographic technology. Secondly, it demonstrates how the survey campaigns enabled connections between medical and media institutions and professional groups. Thirdly, it discusses how the mass surveys helped to create and mediate relations between doctors and patients, experts and lay people, sick and healthy people, participants and objectors. In conclusion, it argues that these three aspects together are crucial if we wish to understand the mediatisation of the medical sphere as well as the medicalisation of everyday life during the twentieth century.