国内数字图书馆建设的反思

在调查咨询的基础上,总结目前我国数字图书馆发展中存在的问题,探讨问题产生的原因并提出解决办法。     

国内信息检索用户相关性研究现状分析

本文采用文献计量和社会网络分析方法,从文献年代、学科、期刊来源、作者的分布以及研究主题等方面,对国内信息检索用户相关性的研究现状进行了分析。指出了我国现有研究中的不足,并给出了相应的改进建议。     

基于用户导向的图书馆多维空间信息服务机制的创新与发展

根据图书馆信息服务发展的现状及面临的挑战,结合信息服务发展趋势,提出图书馆信息服务机制的总体框架：以用户需求为中心,以用户满意度为评价指标,在多维信息服务理念指导下,通过完善图书馆信息内容服务,深化多维信息服务形式,开辟多维信息服务途径,实现图书馆信息服务创新发展的高效运行机制。     

网络搜索引擎与智能代理的对比研究

分析搜索引擎与智能代理技术各自的工作原理和差异,探讨二者之结合对于未来网络信息检索具有的重要意义及其结合模式。     

The Delphi Project: Transforming Flemish Libraries Into User-Oriented Points of Information

ABSTRACT

Flemish libraries have historically been praised by visitors and valued by the general public, but since the turn of the century, they have seen a decline in usage. A group of libraries in Flanders believed the role of libraries should be substantially reevaluated. They embarked on the “Delphi Project” to establish methods for libraries to become centers of their local communities by focusing on the information needs of their customers. The emergence of technology supported a shift from libraries as lending institutions to information centers. In addition to a customer service philosophy and training, online tools have helped staff reach library users. An online tool called the “Bronnenwijizer” combines searching the local library catalogue, provincial and state catalogues, and the Internet. The tool also supports the creation of “baskets” for a patron's information needs that can be shared with other staff. Delphi libraries have also used “Infopleinen,” Web-based guides to topics featuring printed media and online sources. Finally, a new online question registration system was developed that fit the new Delphi service philosophy. Over half the libraries in West-Vlaanderen are entitled to call themselves Delphi Libraries, and the philosophy is being disseminated more broadly through the Delphi Project Web site. Due to governmental changes in provincial authority, the future of the project is challenged because coordination among libraries has been critical for the project's success.     

从面向资源的信息资源整合到面向用户的信息资源整合

通过比较面向资源的信息资源整合与面向用户的信息资源整合在整合的基本要素、整合系统的设计原则与设计程序、整合中用户的参与层次以及整合模式等方面的差异,指出面向用户的信息资源整合在满足用户复杂要求,加快设计过程, 节约开发成本等方面,比面向资源的信息资源整合更有优势。     

政府信息公开服务质量面临的问题与对策

本文从服务质量视角构建了政府信息公开服务质量的影响因素框架,在此基础上,对政府信息公开服务质量面临的问题与对策进行了较为深入的探讨。认为政府信息公开服务质量面临的问题包括政府公开的信息资源问题、政府信息公开服务缺乏用户导向和软环境问题,并提出了相应的解决措施。     

Simulation Studies of Different Dimensions of Users' Interests and their Impact on User Modeling and Information Filtering

Modeling users in information filtering systems is a difficult challenge due to dimensions such as nature, scope, and variability of interests. Numerous machine-learning approaches have been proposed for user modeling in filtering systems. The focus has been primarily on techniques for user model capture and representation, with relatively simple assumptions made about the type of users' interests. Although many studies claim to deal with adaptive techniques and thus they pay heed to the fact that different types of interests must be modeled or even changes in interests have to be captured, few studies have actually focused on the dynamic nature and the variability of user-interests and their impact on the modeling process. A simulation based information filtering environment called SIMSFITER was developed to overcome some of the barriers associated with conducting studies on user-oriented factors that can impact interests. SIMSIFTER implemented a user modeling approach known as reinforcement learning that has proven to be effective in previous filtering studies involving humans. This paper reports on several studies conducted using SIMSIFTER that examined the impact of key dimensions such as type of interests, rate of change of interests and level of user-involvement on modeling accuracy and ultimately on filtering effectiveness.     

Serving multiple stakeholders: Issues arising from a major national evaluation study

This paper provides an analysis of the issues arising from work with multiple stakeholders within the context of a major national evaluation study. The context is the UK Education Departments' Superhighways Initiative (EDSI), which was jointly funded by the four education departments of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Unusually, the evaluation, which was large scale and employed several teams of evaluators, had a real opportunity to inform the development of policy. Problems of working for multiple stakeholders arose from the tight control that the sponsors exercised over the structure, style and content of the report. In addition to the usual problems of conflicting interests between stakeholders, the Scottish evaluators experienced problems relating to the polarised political context in the UK prior to the general election of 1997. The successful public relations exercise that created the EDSI programme, with commercial sponsorship for projects and government funding only for the evaluation, was an additional factor in determining the evaluators' roles and relationships with stakeholders.     

独立第三方学科评价服务的方法与实践——以北京大学图书馆支持药学国际评估的评价分析为例

[目的/意义]大陆地区多家高校自2002年起陆续开展的自主学科国际评估工作旨在通过国际视角对本校的学科目标定位、人才培养体系、科学研究实力、国际影响力等进行全方位的综合审视。图书馆作为高校信息服务的重要阵地,在评估学科发展态势方面发挥着积极作用。对图书馆作为第三方在该领域开展工作的方法和实践进行总结有着重要的借鉴意义。[方法/过程]在充分了解学科国际评估特点的基础上,构建以用户需求为导向、以文献计量方法为手段的独立第三方学科评价分析报告体系,以有效支撑高校自主开展国际评估。以北京大学药学国际评估第三方评价分析报告为例,详细介绍对标机构筛选、基础数据获得、评价指标布局等重点工作,为学科国际评估工作提供精准的参考支持。[结果/结论]北京大学图书馆为国际评估撰写的第三方评价分析报告,客观分析了参评机构、参评学科的科研布局、发展趋势与影响力,并与国际对标高校进行对比,显示参评高校在国际同行间的竞争力。今后,图书馆应充分发挥信息服务优势,拓展服务对象,以第三方视角提供客观、合理、科学的分析报告以辅助各类评价工作。