国际商务索赔谈判的语用策略

在国际商务索赔谈判中，索赔方为圆满达成索赔协议，可采用清楚准确、委婉得体、义正辞严等三种语用策略。     

Yer Doin’ it Wrong: How NOT to Interact with Vendors,Publishers, or Librarians

Three librarians who have extensive experience working in libraries or for publishers, vendors, or consortia presented an informal discussion on librarian–vendor relationships. The audience was encouraged to participate. Problems were articulated; speakers and audience members contributed suggestions for better approaches or behaviors when handling difficult situations.     

伍廷芳的幕僚生涯

伍廷芳1882～1896年应李鸿章邀请供职北洋幕府。在近14年的幕僚生涯中，他参与了中法、中日战争的军务筹划、战败条约的签订、对外事务的交涉、铁路和电报的实业筹划等，这些活动为他后来取得重大成就打下了基础，同时，他的幕僚生涯也从一个侧面揭示了近代中国人曲折的报国道路。     

中国参与哥本哈根气候谈判的博弈分析

规范全球气候变化问题是当前国际政治与国际法的焦点。尽管哥本哈根气候谈判悬而未决,但此次会议中多国的博弈过程及其结果值得反思。论文以静态博弈模型研究整个谈判过程中主要发达国家和发展中国家在核心问题上的矛盾与分歧．对中美两国在此次会议中的谈判进行博弈分析,并对中国在未来气候谈判中的策略进行探讨。     

Teacher–student negotiations during context-based chemistry reform: A case study

Teachers participating in curricular reforms, especially reforms based on constructivism, are expected to bring about change in their teaching approach. This is often a difficult, complex and intensive process, and demands a radical reculturing of the classroom. This is also the case for social constructivist reforms in chemistry education, which are based on a context-based approach. Educational change is a social and interactional process, and during this change teachers will engage in negotiations with their students about the reform. These teacher–student negotiations have a profound impact on the succeeding of the reform. This study explores the teacher–student interactions during the reform that shape and alter the context-based chemistry approach. We focused on two teachers, of whom it was found in an earlier study that one of them succeeded in implementing the reform, while the other one struggled. By following them for one school year, in which in-depth qualitative data was collected through various instruments, we developed insights about the teacher–student negotiations that influenced the educational reform. Three themes emerged from the data: “agency of learning,” “vulnerability,” and “care.” The differences that were found between the teachers regarding these themes help explain why and how the reform can become a success and why the reform often fails to change classroom practice.     

辽宁国民外交协会外交活动述评

辽宁国民外交协会是“九一八”事变前辽宁民众自发形成的反日爱国团体。它成立后,积极开展对日交涉、宣传国民外交常识、抵制日货、协助东北政权开展外交活动。其组织迅速扩大,会员急剧增加,成为辽宁国民开展外交活动的一个新途径。这些外交活动在打击日本帝国主义的侵略势力、唤起民众的爱国主义意识、捍卫国家主权方面起到了不可低估的历史作用。但受历史条件的限制。也产生了一定的消极影响。     

1939-1940年德国与西班牙关系探讨——以两国在西班牙参战问题上的交涉为考察点

第二次世界大战初期 ,围绕西班牙参战问题 ,德西两国进行了多次交涉 ,但因双方的立足点都是本国的国家利益而无法达成一致 ,西班牙最终保持了“中立” .     

供应链管理环境下供应商管理用户库存控制方法

本在总结传统库存管理方法的基础上，通过引入供应链管理环境下库存管理中的典型问题——长鞭效应，介绍了供应商管理用户库存(vendor managed inventory，VMI)的基本思想，建立了VMI的数学模型，系统地分析了VMI策略对库存总费用以及联合利润的影响．最后，通过一个实例从数据上验证了VMI策略不仅能提高供应商和用户的联合利润，还有利于他们达到充分合作，降低长鞭效应的影响．     

服务商主导的IT外包风险规避

本文比较了 4种可能的委托方 -服务商战略关系 ,指出服务商主导是一种可行的战略安排 ,在此种情况下服务商可以而且需要主导外包风险的规避。通过研究各种风险与外包的关键因素之间的联系 ,给出了服务商主导的IT外包风险规避策略