Acrylic emulsion paint films: The effect of solution pH,conductivity, and ionic strength on film swelling and surfactant removal

To date, a limited number of aqueous conditions have been tested experimentally as potential cleaning reagents on modern acrylic paint films. Those assessed have tended to extract measurable quantities of paint film components and distort the paint films physically. In this paper the results of a series of experiments designed to examine pH, conductivity, and specific ion effects of potential aqueous cleaning solutions on a series of commercial acrylic paints are reported. A three-dimensional microscopic technique was used to characterize the physical (volume and surface roughness) changes and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to characterize the chemical (extracted surfactant) changes following paint film exposure to the aqueous solution. The tested paint films in this study clearly exhibit an isotonic point below which swelling and extraction is significant, and above which the swelling and extraction is diminished. Manipulation of conductivity and the ionic species in solution can reduce both the physical film changes and surfactant extraction from acrylic paint films; while pH appears to be of limited use in controlling aqueous cleaning effects. Moreover, there seems to be a specific ion effect for both swelling and de-swelling in acrylic paint films that can be rationalized through the Hofmeister Series.     

论农民画的发展前景

农民画作为一种新兴的美术门类如果不能在新形势下找到生存发展的突破口,可能面临着被淘汰的命运。文章通过对农民画发展中存在问题的思考,呼吁有更多的人能去关注它、欣赏它、支持它,指引它,使农民画这一特有的艺术门类能够在新时代更加健康有序地发展。     

静态顶空-气质联用法快速测定油漆中苯系物

采用静态顶空-气相色谱质谱联用法(HS-GC/MS),对不同油漆中苯及同系物进行含量测定。在样品分散剂DMSO、平衡温度120℃、平衡时间60 min等优化的静态顶空进样条件下,进行了方法学的考察。苯及同系物的线性良好,回归方程相关系数大于0.99,3个不同浓度水平的加标回收率大于70%。实验结果表明,样品中苯及同系物含量的相对标准偏差(RSD)10%,数据准确、重复性好。同时,HS-GC/MS快速、简便、可靠,是检测油漆等化工品中苯及同系物含量的有效方法。     

LC耐深冲聚酯涂料的研制

通过实验，获得了制备性能优异的耐深冲聚酯树脂的工艺条件。将该树脂与苯代氨基树脂、钛白粉以颜基比0．7：1进行配制，经研磨机研磨后，加入溶剂，可得到综合性能优良的耐深冲聚酯涂料。     

屋面防水工程的发展现状

通过介绍中国在屋面防水和防水材料的发展过程,并简述了屋面产生渗漏的主要原因。针对中国防水工程施工情况,结合中国屋面防水实际情况,提出做好防水各环节的注意事项及措施:提高施工队伍的业务素质,完善施工工艺,加大在施工过程中的监管力度;不断研究和推广更有效的新型防水材料。     

Combination of a Liquid-Dispensing and Micro-Aspiration Device for the Cleaning of Sensitive Painted Surfaces

Many painted surfaces, not necessarily only those with a contemporary binding media, display high sensitivity to water. The resulting damage, including swelling, leaching out of some components, even partial solubility, may lead to a shrunken, impoverished, de-plasticized, more porous paint film. Different approaches to the cleaning of such surfaces have been developed throughout the years, as awareness of this sensitivity grew worldwide. Some deal with the proper physico-chemical conditions of the aqueous solutions, and others with the proper ways of delivering these solutions to the surface. The strategy proposed in this technical note is concerned with the latter, the application stage, and is based on the combined and simultaneous use of a device capable of delivering a constant, precise amount of the aqueous cleaning solution and a surgical micro-aspirator to immediately remove the soiled solution from the surface and speed up its drying. Also, using a different apparatus, non-polar solvents can be delivered, for cleaning surfaces contaminated by non-polar, more lipophilic soiling materials.     

试论苏北鲁南汉画像石呈集中分布的原因

汉画像石艺术作为中国传统艺术的重要组成部分,它的产生是多种因素综合的结果,之所以在苏北鲁南呈集中分布,与这两地所具有的独特的自然地理条件及汉代社会呈现的人文地理条件即当时的政治、经济、思想文化等因素密切相关。这两地的汉画像石呈集中分布,数量之多、内容之丰富对全国其它地方汉画像石的产生与发展都起到了重大而深远的影响。     

Application of reactive acrylate microgels in water-base coatings

Reactive acrylate microgels with different reactive groups such as carboxyl, hydroxide groups had excellent prop-erties such as quick-dry, low viscosity, high adhesion and hardness, which made them extensively used in preparing paints or in coating-modification. Reactive acrylate microgels were prepared by emulsion co-polymerization with zwitterions surfactant, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant as co-emulsifier. The water-base baking paints made from reactive acrylate micro-gels and melamine-formaldehyde resin had excellent combination properties. The aluminium powder can be well-dispersed in the paints. The influences of monomer components on the properties of the water-base baking paints were discussed in this paper. And the baking paints were also compared with the marketing solvent acrylate baking paints. It was found that the water-base acrylate amino baking paints had better combination properties than the organic solvent acrylate baking paints, which means that the water-base baking paints had a bright marketing future.     

Fungal bioreceptivity of Japanese tissue papers treated with plant dyes,watercolours, and acrylic paints in paper conservation

Despite substantial literature on the dyeing of textiles, there is a lack of research about colouring Japanese mending papers (tissue papers) used for paper conservation purposes. This study investigates the fungal bioreceptivity of Japanese tissue papers after they have been treated with various dyes and pigments. A variety of toning materials including plant dyes, watercolours, acrylic paints, inks, pastels, gouaches, and colour pencils are commonly used by conservators for paper toning purposes. In this study, two Japanese tissue papers (Yukyu-shi and Sekishu Mare) were treated with selected plant dyes, watercolours, and acrylic paints and then inoculated with fungal species. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify the DNA from Aspergillus niger and Penicillium rubrum as a proxy for fungal species abundance before and after inoculation and artificial moist heat ageing. qPCR primers which were universal for fungi amplified DNA from papers inoculated with A. niger and P. rubrum and these species were found to grow less on treated Sekishu Mare and Yukyu-shi papers compared with untreated papers. Sekishu Mare papers treated with artists' acrylic paints were found to be more resistant to fungal growth than similarly treated Yukyu-shi papers. This study suggests that for the best long-term preservation outcomes for paper materials in archives, libraries, galleries, and museums, acrylic paints generally perform better in conservation terms than most plant dyes and watercolours, although most colourants displayed some bioinhibition.     

水性聚氨酯涂料贮存稳定性研究

从树脂工业化生产工艺的角度,探讨了分散设备、分散温度、熟化时间等因素对水性聚氨酯分散体和原漆贮存稳定性的影响;并通过对水性聚氨酯涂料的配漆工艺和涂料配方组分的研究,全面分析了涂料生产过程中剪切分散的速度与时间、涂料配方组分中成膜助剂与增稠剂等因素对涂料贮存稳定性与漆膜性能的影响,得到了制备优异贮存稳定性水性聚氨酯涂料的树脂生产工艺、配漆工艺及配方组分的优化配置方法。