土地外部经济初步研究

土地外部经济是土地额外经济和土地外溢经济两部分的统称 ,在数量上最终取决于这两者的代数和。土地外部经济是通过土地收益权益和土地收益价格来表现。土地外部经济具有存在的普遍性、功能的多效性、完全收益权实现的困难性和消费的非排他性等特点 ,研究土地外部经济为土地所有权、使用权和收益权的分离提供了理论依据 ,有利于土地利用结构合理化 ,文中解释了农业部门存在的分配不公以及土地市场失灵等问题 ,同时为土地税收提供了理论依据 ,并为地价明确了定义。

EXTERNAL ECONOMY OF LAND RESOURCES: PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION

External economy of land resources is a general designation of additional economy of land and overflowing economy of land, and it depends on the algebraic sum of the two numbers in quantity, which can be expressed by rights and prices of land income. Moreover, external economy of land has many important characteristics, such as universality of existing, diversity of function, difficulty of perfect achievement and inexclusion of consumption, etc. Discussions of the external economy of land is meaningful not only to offer the theoretical foundation for the separation of land ownership and use right, but also to solve the problems of irrational land use structure, unfair distributions within agricultural sectors and land market failure. Besides, it also offers the theoretical foundation for land tax revenue and helps to make the definition of land tax and land price clear.