Exploring the Boundary Conditions of the Redundancy Principle |
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Authors: | Matthew T. McCrudden Carolyn J. Hushman Scott C. Marley |
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Affiliation: | 1. Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealandmatt.mccrudden@vuw.ac.nz;3. University of New Mexico |
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Abstract: | This experiment investigated whether study of a scientific text and a visual display that contained redundant text segments would affect memory and transfer. The authors randomly assigned 42 students from a university in the southwestern United States in equal numbers to 1 of 2 conditions: (a) a redundant condition, in which participants studied a scientific text that described plate tectonics and a corresponding visual display that contained redundant segments from the text; or (b) a nonredundant condition, in which participants studied the scientific text and a corresponding visual display that lacked the redundant text segments. Embedding redundant text segments within the visual display enhanced performance on 3 measures of memory but not on a measure of transfer. The authors discuss the theoretical and practical implications using the cognitive theory of multimedia learning. |
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Keywords: | multimedia learning redundancy spatial contiguity split-attention visual display reading |
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