法律多元视角下的少数民族习惯法及其未来命运——以西南少数民族习惯法为研究范本

基于法律文化学的视角,可以对西南少数民族习惯法作出考察和解读。应用法律多元主义从文化理论层面对西南少数民族习惯法的价值进行论证,而应用"活法"理论则可从文化之实践层面对西南少数民族习惯法的存在原因作出剖析。作为一个庞杂的习惯法系统,西南少数民族习惯法包含着壮族习惯法、苗族习惯法、傣族习惯法、瑶族习惯法等子系统。在我国西南地区,这些少数民族习惯法的命运不但取决于其自身能否实现良性发展,更取决于它能否与"国家法"之间构建起良性互动关系。对于西南少数民族习惯法中的合理内容,民族自治地方应通过自治条例或单行条例的方式予以吸收,而对于其中部分落后内容,"国家法"应予以明确摒弃,唯此方为实现两者良性互动的有效路径。

The Present Condition and Future of Customary Laws of Minority Nationalities From the Perspective of Legal Pluralism: a Case Study of the Customary Law of Minority Nationalities in Southwest China

The author of this paper analyzes the customary laws of minority nationalities in Southwest China from the perspective of legal culture, discusses their value at the cultural level from the point of view of legal pluralism, and argues that the theory of "living law" can be employed to study the causes of the customary laws of minority nationalities in Southwest China from the perspective of cultural practice. As a complex customary law system, the customary laws of minority nationalities in Southwest China contains the laws of Zhuang, Miao, Dai, Yao and other legal subsystems. The rational parts of the customary laws of minority nationalities in Southwest China ought to be absorbed into the regulations of the autonomous areas and the outdated parts should be abandoned by the national laws. Only by this way can the goal of building a better legal system be achieved in the Southwest.