试论明代拣选内阁成员之显潜规则

明代内阁成员之选,关乎社稷。官员拣选入阁的潜显规则相互作用,在明代政治生活中发挥了极其重要作用。皇帝个人好恶,宦官染指内阁人选,现任内阁成员以各种利害关系左右新人入阁等一系列潜规则,构成官员入阁的真正深层原因。潜规则下所选任的内阁官员,或欺上瞒下,或甘为宦官奴役,或结为朋党,酿成党争,最终加速了明王朝的衰亡。

A Study of the Apparent and Latent Regulation of Slecting the Cabinet Members in the Ming Dynasty

The electoral procedure of the Cabinet Members had far-reaching impacts on the Ming Dynasty.The apparent and latent regulation interacted in the course of selecting the officials into the Cabinet,which played an important role in the political arena of the Ming Dynasty.Imperial hobbies,the eunch's interference,incumbent Cabinet Members' interests and so on made up the deep reason of the selection.The Cabinet Members under the latent regulation cheated both the higher level and lower level,acted as the eunchs' slaves and took part in factionalism,which accelerated Ming Dynasty's ruination.