"再识农户"与社会化小农的建构

中国将长期实行以家庭为单位的经营体制。在传统理论看来，家庭经营属于小农经济。小农经济的生产效率低下，因此要以规模化的集体生产所取代。那么，在家庭经营体制长期不变的条件下，能否提升农户的能力，使之适应现代经济社会发展的需要，便成为学界需要认真探讨的问题。本文基于家庭经营体制长期不变的条件，提出“重识农户”，即将农户放在历史变迁的过程中加以考察，认为，尽管当今的农户经营规模小，但他们已越来越深地进入或者被卷入到一个开放的、流动的、分工的社会化体系中来，与传统的封闭的小农经济形态渐行渐远，进入到社会化小农的阶段。“小农”的“社会化”，大大提升了农户适应现代社会的能力，但同时也蕴含着三大内在矛盾，使农民进入到一个更不确定和风险性更大的社会。由此需要根据社会化小农的基本状况建构完善的社会化服务体系，并提供相应的国家保护和支持。

Farmer Household Re-Cognition And Socialized Small Agricultural Economy Construction

It will be a long time for China to carry out a kind of management system on the basis of family.From the viewpoint of traditional theory,family management belongs to the small agricultural economy.But due to its inferior efficiency,it will be replaced by collective production in scale.Therefore a question is aroused for scholars to explore whether peasants' capabilities can be promoted to suit with modern economic society in condition of stable management system.This thesis insists that farmer household should be re-cognition in such condition,which analyzes peasants in a developing and historical process.The thesis tries to prove that peasants are at the entrance of socialized small agricultural economy stage although the scale of farmer household's management is still too small.It also points out that peasants are engulfing into an open mobile socialized system with division of labor,which is far-off closed traditional small agricultural economy.The socialized small agricultural economy,which promotes peasants' capabilities greatly,also has three built-in conflicts and puts peasants into an unstable and risky society.All that needs to construct a more complete socialized service system with government's protection and support on the demand of their basic situation.