工业革命以来英国城市大气污染及防治措施研究

英国城市大气污染由来已久。工业革命以后 ,这一问题日益严重。污染英国城市大气的主要物质是煤烟、酸性气体和各种难闻的气味等 ,这与工业化和城市化的发展密切相关。英国城市大气污染曾造成严重危害 ,不仅人们的健康和生命受到了威胁 ,而且花草树木、建筑物和气候等也深受其害。在对大气污染进行控制与防治方面 ,英国的措施经历了由单项治理到综合防治的阶段性变化。而英国人所极力维护的“切实可行措施”这一治污准则既有强制又有弹性 ,它无疑是英国人的实事求是作风在解决环境污染问题方面的一种体现

Research on Air Pollution of Britain's Cities and Measurements of Control during One Hundred Years

Air pollution of Britain's cities existed for a long time. It became more and more serious since the first Industrial Revolution. The main pollutants were soot, acid emissions and awful smells,which had a tight relationship with the development of industrialization and urbanization. Air pollution of Britain's cities had caused serious harmfulness,and the health and life of townspeople, as well as flower, grass, tree, building, climate and so on, had been in serious danger. In the field of prevention and control of air pollution the measures of Britain had went through a change from harness singly to integrated pollution control. The principle of pollution control——‘the best practicable means’,which the British has been maintaining extremely, was both flexible and compulsory,and it is surely a kind of embodiment of the British's practical and realistic way of doing things in respect of solving the problem of environmental pollution.