Argumentative abilities in metacognition and in metalinguistics: a study on university students |
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Authors: | Maria Antonietta Pinto Paolo Iliceto Sergio Melogno |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Medecine and Psychology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Via dei Marsi, 78-00185 Rome, Italy |
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Abstract: | The article presents a study on metalinguistic, cognitive and metacognitive abilities in university students. A sample of
353 students was recruited; 178 of which from scientific and 175 from humanistic Faculties, with gender balance (M = 178;
F = 175) whose age range was between 20 and 25 years old. They were administered a metalinguistic ability test that assesses
metalinguistic awareness at implicit and explicit levels (L and ML scores) and the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices 38
(SPM38). In addition to the usual nonverbal administration of the matrices, candidates were asked to justify in written form
the reasons for the solution indicated in each item. Three scores were considered for the SPM38: the ordinary score based
on the number of correct nonverbal solutions (O.S.), a 7-point scale for assessing the argumentation of the correct solutions
(C.ARG.S.) and a 6-point scale for assessing the argumentation of the incorrect solutions (I.ARG.S.). Significant gender and
curriculum effects were found, with males and scientific students dominating at the nonverbal level while females and humanistic
students dominated in the argumentative abilities related to the matrices and in all the scores of the metalinguistic test.
A number of significant correlations were found between all the metalinguistic, cognitive and metacognitive abilities considered,
with a prominent role of the metalinguistic abilities at the explicit level (ML score) that show a clear argumentative structure
very similar to the C.ARG.S. argumentations in the matrices test. |
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Keywords: | |
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