动力机制与阻力因素:欧洲高等教育一体化改革的启示

欧洲高等教育一体化改革试图使教育模式迥异、实力悬殊的不同国家的高等教育体系实现无障碍的沟通与联合,形成教育与科研的大联盟。尽管这一计划未能如期实现,但是它采用的自上而下与自下而上相结合的改革方式、多机构多组织共同协调的机制、性量结合的定期检查评估制度都有力地促进了改革的蓬勃发展。同时,改革措施的"零散化"、文化认同的迟缓及资金的不足和资助方式的难题成为一体化改革的主要阻力。这为我国在推行国内大学联盟及推进与东盟教育合作提供了借鉴。

Motive Mechanism and Resistance Factors: Enlightenment of Integration of European Higher Education

The integrative reform of European higher education tried to integrate with different and unequal higher education systems in different countries so as to achieve a barrier-free and large coalition of education and research. Although this plan failed to achieve its anticipation , the countermeasures of the plan have effectively promoted the rapid development of the reform with the combination of top-down and bottom-up approach to carry forward the reform , the mechanisms of coordination by many organizations and agencies , as well as the regular system of inspection and assessment. At the same time , there are some important resistance in the reform due to the "fragmentation" of the reform measures , the sluggish of cultural identity , the insufficient funding and the problems of funding methods. All of these are of beneficial reference for China to promote university union and promote China-ASEAN cooperation in education.