行政防范论

法治最本质的功能是防范和控制权力。防范和控制权力的法治精神在依法行政中最主要的表现是行政防范。行政防范有实体防范、程序防范和观念道德防范。实体防范是行政防范中最普遍的内容，其中，法律防范具有根本性。程序防范是行政防范的中心，产体防范都要通过程序防范实现。观念道德防范是行政防范的目的，通过行政防范推进全体行政人的法治素质和道德认同，并内化为全体行政人的基本道德是行政防范的基本目标。

On the Administrative Safeguard

The most essential funciton of government by law is to safeguard against misuse of power and have control over power. In government by law the most important expression of the lawful spirit of controlling power is administrative safeguard. It includes substantial safeguard, procedural safeguard, and ideological and moral safeguard. The substantial safeguard represents the most general content in administrative safeguard, in which the legal safeguard is fundamental. The procedural safeguard is the center of administrative safeguard, and all forms of substantial safeguard have to be realized throuth the procedural safeguard. The ideological and moral safeguard is the purpose of administrative safeguard.