1928—1937年城市贫困救助的探索与发展——以北平市贫民贷款为例

贫民贷款,是指政府为贫民提供小额、低息、短期贷款,以扶助贫民恢复生产、自力更生的一种贫困救济制度。这种贫民救济方式,以借贷小额资本的办法,帮助贫民依靠自身力量来摆脱贫困,其立意甚好,但在推行中取得的效果却差强人意。为此,北平市政府率先对贫民贷款进行了一系列制度发展与变革,不但一改往日贫民借贷事业之流弊,而且在扶助农工商、救助贫困方面颇有成绩,取得了显著的经济效益与社会效益。

On the Exploration and Development of Urban Poverty Relief from 1928 to 1937:Poverty Alleviation Loans in Beiping City

Poverty Alleviation Loans was a poverty relief system that the government provided a small,low-interest,short-term loans to assist the self-reliance of the poor to resume production.The way of such relief aimed to help the poor to lift themselves out of poverty on their own by lending small amounts of capital.The idea was good,but the effect achieved in the implementation was unsatisfactory.So,Beiping government took a series of institutional development and reform on the poor loans,not only removed the past few abuses of poor lending career,but also gained good results in helping the agriculture,industry,commerce,relieving the poverty,and obtained significant economic and social benefits.